What is an episome?
Episome is an independent DNA segment capable of attaching to bacteria or cell and integrate into the genome. Episomes offer their hosts advantages and are easily transferable to transfer these benefits to other members of the same kind. They are a theme of interest for scientists because they play a role in a bacterial virulence and can be useful as vectors for inserting genetic material into bacteria for research. When the episome is associated with bacteria, it can replicate along with the rest of the organism and provide the same genetic heritage of the next generation of organisms. It can also be added to the bacterial genome and become a permanent part of it. This allows them to share benefits without having to wait for the next generation, and can provide a mechanism for rapid spread of resistance and durability through the bacterial population. Bacteria without this DNA segment could die in response to antibiotics or harsh conditions, but the survivors will prosper and may multiply to fill the gap that remains JEjich powdery mildew colleagues.
One example of the episome is the virus. Viry nejsou živé organismy v tradičním smyslu, ale spíše obsahují genetický materiál, který mohou použít k únosu buněk a nutí je k reprodukci kopií viru. In this process, the virus really destroys the cell it takes over, but at this point has already achieved the goal of replicating. Damage to the collateral caused by viruses and replication of viruses can range from short cold heads to serious illness.
Scientists look at episomes and similar sources of independent DNA to understand how bacteria develop and change over time and how they turn to different benefits. This may be important for studying an epidemic or focus in which monitoring of genetic heritage can help scientists understand how to fight the disease. Episomes can also be used to advantage in research by inserting genetic material into cells or whole organisms. Scientists can create DNA to makehave maintained segments that allow the episome to connect and multiply, and can pull out unnecessary sections and insert new ones.