What is the comparative genomics?
Genetics science focuses on genes as inheritance units and how this information is transmitted. At a completely different level, genomics focuses on the whole genome of the organism, which contains all its genetic information. The field of genomics is divided into several categories, including functional and comparative genomics. While functional genomics mainly concern how genes and genome in a given organism work, comparative genomics focus on comparing genomes from different species.
Comparative genomics is a useful topic of study for many reasons. One of them is that the research and comparison of genomes of different species provides information on how the evolutionary selection works on the genome. Although this field is still young, it can be able to throw large light on aspects of recent evolution events. Another important aspect of this scientific discipline is the study of comparative human genomic.
Scientists who can study comparative genomics one or more features of different genomes. These features can rankNovat the location of genes, the similarity of genes sequence and distribution of coding and non -coding areas in individual genes and genome as a whole. By exploring the differences between the genomes of different species, it is possible to determine the types of genes that are similar or different among species. This information can be used to explore how evolution has worked on the genomes of these species.
In the field of human genomics, there is a huge potential for significant progress in medical research. For example, the study of the human genome can provide information about the goals for new pharmacies and even allow the possibility of individualizing drugs or by case. The development of individualized drug regimes has the potential to mean the incidence of abnormal drug reactions. This happens because individual changes in the genome cause people to respond to drugs slightly differently, sometimes in a way that is harmful.
Comparative genomics is useful here because studying simplyMake organisms such as a mouse or rabbit can provide valuable information about the human genome. This may seem contrainuitive, but in fact the genomes of these species share many genes together, so small mammal studies are highly relevant to human medicine. The study of comparative human genomics was supported by the completion of the human genome project. This project is basically a map of the whole human genome, which includes somewhere between 20,000 and 25,000 genes. The genomes of many other organisms, including the mouse, were also mapped.