What is Oxidation?

Oxidation, in the narrow sense, means that the chemical reaction between oxygen and other material elements is also an important chemical unit process. Oxidation in a broad sense refers to the process by which a substance loses electrons (increased oxidation number).

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Human metabolism is also like oxidation, that is, the human body is in daily

Iron rust

Many seemingly unusual changes in life involve redox.

Such as: iron nails rust, wine making, flour fermentation to make steamed bread, etc.

It is even more common in industrial production that any material reaction is based on these two,

Some substances are highly oxidizing. They are often used as oxidants in production and life, such as: fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), iodine (I), and oxygen and ozone in our air.

The reducing agents are: lively metals (i.e. common metals except gold, silver, copper and platinum)

Everything in nature can't grow without oxidation and reduction. Thunderstorms can catalyze the oxidation of nitrogen in the air to nitrogen oxides, and further form nitrite and nitrate for plants to absorb. Plant photosynthesis reduces carbon dioxide to five carbons. Sugar, for the growth of plants. Animals eat plants to oxidize ingredients to various nutrition. The breathing of animals is also an oxidative reflection. After the animal's death, the carcass is oxidized and broken down by the microorganisms and returned to the atmosphere. The plants are reduced again. It can be said that redox is ubiquitous in nature, which is the basis of all material cycles.

Meaning of oxidation

Occupies a very important position in the production of the chemical industry and is used for the preparation of many compounds:

1. Iron sulfide is oxidized to sulfur dioxide, and then sulfur dioxide is oxidized to sulfur trioxide to prepare sulfuric acid.

2. Nitrogen is oxidized to nitric oxide (with platinum as a catalyst), and then nitric oxide is oxidized to nitrogen dioxide to prepare nitric acid.

3. Phosphorus is oxidized to phosphorus pentoxide to prepare phosphoric acid.

4. Ethylene is oxidized to form ethylene oxide.

5. Methanol oxidation is deprived of hydrogen to formaldehyde.

6. Chlorinated hydroxide is deprived of hydrogen to produce chlorine and water.

7. Disinfect tap water with chlorine gas.

8. An important process flow in integrated circuit manufacturing ^[1] .

Oxidation hazard

1. Iron products will naturally oxidize in the air to form a layer of loose rust (hydrated iron (III) oxide-the chemical formula is Fe2O3 · xH2O). The hydrated iron oxide (III) easily peels off, exposing the unoxidized iron on the inner The air continued to oxidize and eventually rusted the entire iron product.

2. Forages accumulate, and they will slowly oxidize if they are not well ventilated. A supply ship loaded with grain and grass in the ancient Roman Empire caught fire mysteriously during an expedition to the sea. Later, scientists found the cause of the fire for this strange case, the spontaneous combustion of the grass.

3. The appearance of "phosphorus fire" in the graveyard is also a spontaneous combustion phenomenon. Phosphine gas can be generated by the decomposition of phosphorus-containing organic substances in human and animal bodies. This gas has a low ignition point and will ignite spontaneously when exposed to air. In the era of lack of scientific knowledge, this spontaneous combustion phenomenon is often described as "ghost fire."

4. The coal stack will spontaneously ignite because a large amount of coal undergoes a slow oxidation reaction. Slow oxidation reaction, less heat is released per unit time. As long as the ventilation is good, the heat will not be spontaneously ignited in time. Although the slow oxidation reaction emits less heat per unit time, due to the large amount of coal that has undergone the slow oxidation reaction, the emitted heat cannot be lost, and the accumulated energy can reach the ignition point. When the ignition point is reached, and it comes into contact with oxygen, it has the conditions for burning combustibles, and the coal stack will of course spontaneously ignite.

5. Fat deterioration and taste caused by lipid oxidation. The oxidation products are mainly aldehydes, ketones, esters, acids, and macromolecular polymers. Some of these products produce odors, and some are toxic by themselves. ^[2]