What Is Perchloric Acid?

Perchloric acid, inorganic compound, the first of six major inorganic strong acids, the hydrate of the highest valent oxide of chlorine. It is colorless and transparent fuming liquid. Perchloric acid is the most acidic among inorganic oxo acids. Can support combustion, strong corrosive, strong irritant, can cause human burns. It is used industrially for the preparation of perchlorate, the purification of artificial diamonds, the manufacture of motion picture film, the pharmaceutical industry, and the electropolishing industry.

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Rumor: Reaction of perchloric acid and hydrochloric acid (redox reaction): HClO + 7HCl 4Cl + 4HO

Refutation: Perchloric acid does not react easily with hydrochloric acid, and even hydrochloric acid can be used to prepare perchloric acid:

The interaction between sodium perchlorate and hydrochloric acid can make 70% HClO4 solution. To 260 mL of hydrochloric acid (relative density 1.19) was slowly added 130 g of NaClO ₄ (under negative pressure) with stirring. The mixture was left under stirring for 4-8 hours, filtered through a sand core funnel, and the precipitate was washed with 30-40 mL of hydrochloric acid. The filtrate was combined with washing water and evaporated under reduced pressure until Cl- was removed (tested with AgNO3). A white vapor of HClO ₄ will appear. The solution was cooled, and a small amount of unreacted NaClO4 was filtered out through a sand core funnel to obtain a relative density of 150 g of HClO _{4 of} 1.6. Refined by distillation. Water with a trace amount of HClO _{4 was} distilled off with a grinder device at 1999.5 to 266.4 Pa at 48 to 54 ° C. At 107-111 ° C, HClO ₄ at 70-72 ° C was distilled off. ^[3]

Even if perchloric acid oxidizes hydrochloric acid, a large amount of chlorine dioxide is formed, instead of simply forming chlorine gas-this is also an impurity in the perchloric acid prepared by the above method. ^[3]