What Is Ribosomal RNA?

Ribosomal RNA, that is rRNA, is the most abundant type of RNA in the cell, as well as the highest molecular weight of the three types of RNA (tRNA, mRNA, rRNA). It combines with proteins to form ribosomes. Its function is Under the guidance of mRNA, amino acids are synthesized into peptide chains ^[1] (peptide chains are folded into proteins under the action of endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, and prokaryotes are completed in the cytoplasm). rRNA accounts for about 82% of total RNA. rRNA alone does not perform its function. It combines with a variety of proteins to form a ribosome, which acts as an "assembly machine" for protein biosynthesis. The molecular weight of rRNA is relatively large and its structure is quite complex. Although many primary structures of rRNA molecules have been measured, the research on their secondary and tertiary structures and their functions needs further research.

Ribosomal RNA has its characteristics in various organisms, so it can be derived from the comparison of rRNAs of different organisms.

rRNA is generally related to

In ribosomes, rRNA is a structural component that plays a major role, and is the core of structure and function. The main functions are:

(1) Peptidyltransferase activity.

(2) Provide a binding site for tRNA.

(3) Provide binding sites for multiple protein synthesis factors.

(4) At the beginning of protein synthesis, it participates in selective binding with mRNA and binding with mRNA in the extension of peptide chains.

(5) In addition, the combination of ribosomal size subunits, correction reading, correction of nonsense strand or framework drift, and the role of antibiotics are all related to rRNA.