What Is Participatory Economics?


economics

(Economics Science)

Human economics originated from the values of the ancient China, which is represented by the experience of the world. The concept of equality is represented by richness, excess loss and inadequate complementation, and the view of production relations represented by mutual benefit and unity of justice and benefit. Early economic thoughts such as the trade outlook represented by the representative, the industry outlook represented by the agricultural industry and the industry at the end. Although early ancient Chinese economic thought was relatively fragmented and found among different thinkers, from a comprehensive perspective, it is more complete and comprehensive than Smith s "The Wealth of Nations" and contains all the buds of the development of human economic thought. See, all Western economics, including Smith's The Wealth of Nations, are abstract developments of ancient Chinese economic thought. The development of early economic thought in ancient China and later Western economics was
In the ancient East represented by China
The core idea of economics is to realize the optimal allocation and regeneration of resources through research, grasp, and use of economic laws, to maximize the creation, transformation, and realization of value, to meet the needs of human material and cultural life, and to promote the sustainable development of society. [2]
economic
Economic trends
economic cycle
The core law of economics is the inherent inevitable connection of economic activities that is carried out from the deepest level of economic activity, and determines the rules that govern other levels of economic activity. Economic development is the development of value, not the growth of money. Economy is the creation, transformation, and realization of value; human economic activities are activities that create, transform, and realize value to meet the needs of human material and cultural life. The law of value, not the law of price, is the core law of economics. [2]
value
Use value
Added value as
Zhiben operation is also called Zhiben operation. Zhiben is a knowledge asset that has risen to a capital form and dominates capital operations. As the capital of knowledge or wisdom dominates the operation of monetary capital, it occupies a more important position than monetary capital in capital operations, and thus forms a smart investment model, thereby increasing the way of human economic growth from capital operation to knowledge operation. Entrepreneurship is transformed into a second venture. The knowledge-based operation or the wisdom-based operation is the capital operation mode in the era of smart economy. [9]
Assets Operational assets are the capitalized material. From a micro perspective, asset operation is an enterprise operation model that optimizes and regenerates resources through the optimization and integration of resources, including asset mergers and acquisitions and reorganizations, and improves the added value and growth of the enterprise. From a macro perspective, asset operation is the way of economic growth after product operation. Industrial chain integration is a typical form of asset operation; improving corporate added value and growth is the goal and essential characteristics of asset operation. Asset operation is also called asset operation. [9]
Product Operation Product is the asset of an enterprise as an end product. It is transformed from the interaction of non-terminal assets of the enterprise, including the means of production and labor. From a micro perspective, product operation is an enterprise operation model that improves product added value and corporate profitability through technological improvement, quality improvement, market development, and scientific management. The core of product operation is to improve corporate profitability. From a macro perspective, product operation is the mode of economic growth after resource operations. Product operation is also called product operation. [9]
Resource operation is an economic growth mode and operation mode in which a country or region uses its own natural resources as end products to develop, produce, exchange, and consume. It is generally a low-level growth mode in which human economic development is in the primary stage. At the advanced stage, the growth mode is in a subordinate position. The growth mode is characterized by production and management based on factor endowments and comparative advantages, and the development of a country and regional economy. Resource operation is also called resource operation. [9]
Industrial form Industrial form refers to the type of industry in the economic system,
The basic principles of economics are the axioms as the starting point of the scientific system of economics, and economic theorems derived from scientific economic axioms. different
The Aesthetic Principles of Economics Human economic activities are constructed according to the laws of beauty and shaped according to the rules of beauty. [7]
Economic Axioms
Economic axioms derived from economic axioms, used
The object of economics is human economic activity
The starting point of economics is the symmetrical relationship between economic subjects and economic objects. The symmetrical relationship between economic objects and economic subjects is unfolded as an asymmetric to symmetric transformation of economic subjects and economic objects. The transformation from asymmetric to symmetric economic subjects and economic objects forms an objective law of economic development. system. The starting point of economics is the same as the starting point of economics, and the logic of economics is consistent with the laws of economic development. [2]
Expound the logical system of economic axioms, principles, and theorems, including the academic system and textbook system, the latter is the expansion and annotation of the former, consisting of concepts, judgments, and reasoning. The content of concepts, judgments, and inferences in the economic system is scientific laws, and the form is language (including natural language and artificial language. Mathematical language is an artificial language). The content of the economic system includes: the nature, methods, objects, functions, historical development, starting point, the relationship between the subject and the object of the economy, the core laws, the relationship between various laws, and the practical application of economic laws
The philosophical foundation of economics
Price rationality
Creation of rationality 1. Innovative thinking, intention and thinking ability to create new ideas and new theories. 2. The value orientation and thinking ability to realize new value through resource regeneration. Creative reason
Choice rationality 1. Choice, intention and thinking ability to obtain literature information. 2. Optimize the allocation of resources to create value orientation and thinking ability to realize new value. Choice rationality
economics
The unity of subject and object under human subjectivity is
Unity of subjectivity and science
Symmetric method A method of thinking that looks at a problem symmetrically and puts things in
Taking the origin of the object as the starting point, grasp the object's
Make use of
Human
Taking the nature of the object as the starting point, grasp the whole of things through the unity of logic and history, unity of analysis and synthesis, abstraction and concrete unity
complex
Methodological economics unified with economic norms
The method of uniting diachronicity and hierarchy is achieved through the combination of diachronicity and hierarchy
Empirical analysis
1. Narrow sense refers to accurate data and various abstract regulations obtained through analysis to prepare for synthesis. Not a complete epistemic process.
2. The broad term refers to the scientific research work that uses various scientific methods to reach a certain conclusion. "Analysis" here is broad, including both narrow analysis and synthesis, which is a complete cognitive process. [7]
economics
Economists analyze, propagate, teach, introduce, and popularize others'
economics
Economists have their own
world class
Holistic economics
Subject economics regards subject as the core content of economics,
Value economics
Precision economics understands the deep nature of the economy, grasps the laws of deep economic development, establishes a deep symmetrical structure of the economy, constructs a precise economic model, accurately predicts economic development trends, accurately achieves expected economic goals, maximizes economic benefits and sustainable economic development. learn. belong
Great health economics An economic discipline that studies the nature and laws of human health and the health industry. Great health economics studies the nature and laws of human health and the health industry in the symmetrical relationship between human body and mind, human and human, human and society, and human and nature. [9]
The abstract economic man abstracts the principle of maximizing human interest into selfishness, and abstracts the subject of economic activities in accordance with the principle of maximizing self interest into selfishness
The nature of man is selfish. Selfishness is the one-sided conclusion that human beings only care about themselves and others and society. [11]
General equilibrium theory
mathematical model
"Scientism" refers specifically to linear, mechanical, modern
Total demand
The economics of allocation studies the optimal allocation of resources as the research object, and the economics of realizing GDP growth and profit maximization through optimal allocation of resources. [1]
The theoretical system consisting of basic concepts, categories and category systems of economics, including general
The latest development in economics is symmetrical economics. Symmetrical economics is a scientific and general principle established by Chinese scholars using the traditional Chinese symmetrical method, the "five-degree space" method and model, taking the subject and object symmetric, the unity of subjectivity and science as the basic principles and basic clues. Economics, which is relative to political economics, is the first economic theory system founded by the Chinese themselves. Economics is a discipline that studies the laws of economic development. Political economy is economics that studies the status and role of various classes in the process of economic development. Since political economics cannot target general laws of economic development (although some political economics also advertise themselves as general targets of economic development), political economy as a paradigm is pre-economics. For the first time, symmetric economics has truly established economic laws as the object of economics research, enabling economics to integrate with other sciences in terms of objects, properties, structures, and functions, and achieving the transformation of economics from theory to science The transformation of political economics into scientific economics and the transformation of class economics into human economics has made economics truly a science. This is a revolution in the economic paradigm. The emergence of symmetrical economics ended the prehistory of human economics.
As a paradigm of economics, political economics is a special economic relative to general economics and human economics. Political economy cannot be the theoretical basis of a scientific outlook on development. The reason why political economics cannot become the theoretical basis of the scientific outlook on development is that political economics cannot target general laws of economic development. The reason why political economy cannot take the general law of economic development as the object is because the general law of economic development is jointly participated by all members of society participating in economic activities. Although different classes have different statuses in social laws in different historical periods, socioeconomic laws are the result of their combined efforts. Only by making reasonable positioning and fair evaluation of the status and role of different classes in the socio-economic laws can we truly correctly understand and reveal the laws of socio-economic development. As the "class truth", political economy is a representative of the interests of a particular class. Although it can fully reflect the status and role of the class, it also reflects the socio-economic laws from one side, but from the general It is impossible to grasp the laws of social and economic development. Political economics cannot become the theoretical basis of the scientific outlook on development. Political economics cannot take the general law of economic development as the object, and it cannot become the theoretical basis of scientific socialism. All socialism based on political economics is a wishful thinking, and is utopian socialism. Only socialism based on general economics is the real scientific socialism. The goals of the Communists are real socialism and communism. Therefore, they must be based on scientific socialism. This requires that political economics cannot be the theoretical basis. The relationship between economics and political economics is the relationship between general and special, macro and micro, whole and part, concrete and abstract. Economics so far is political economics, which does not mean that economics can only be political economics. Political economics is a special theoretical economics. It can completely promote general theoretical economics and belongs to the theoretical economics of all humankind. Only general economics, symmetrical economics, takes general economic laws as the object, so only symmetrical economics can become the theoretical basis of a scientific outlook on economic development. From the perspective of symmetric economics, productivity is only a function of a production system, and it does not matter whether the function is suitable for the system; whether there is a system, there is a function, and a function (size) What kind of system is there. Only the structure and the structure, the structure and the elements, and the factors and the factors within the system are suitable and symmetrical. If it is suitable and symmetrical, the function will work well; if it is not suitable and asymmetric, the function will not work well. Therefore, what is to be adjusted is the structure and the structure, the structure and the elements, the relationship between the elements and the elements, not the relationship between a certain structure, the elements and the functions. From the perspective of system theory, there are only symmetrical economic laws, including the laws of symmetrical movements of productivity and production relations, economic foundations and superstructures, and no contradictory laws of movements of productivity and production relations, economic foundations and superstructures. In social systems, contradiction is relative, and symmetry is absolute. Since productivity is the overall function of a social system, whether each element and structure in the social system are symmetrical or not has a great bearing on the degree to which the productivity function is exerted. However, if one of these elements, such as the ownership relationship of the means of production, is exaggerated to an undue level, it will inevitably destroy the balance of the entire social organism and impair the exertion of productivity. Judging from the logical and historical results of the development of the socialist market economy, the socialist market economy is not, and should not be, just an ideology, but the macro-economy and the micro-economy are symmetrical and the productive forces function best. Economic system. In this economic system, public ownership is not just one form, and a specific form of public ownership is not a necessary part of it. The most essential characteristic that distinguishes the socialist market economy from the capitalist market economy is not a certain element in the economic system, but the symmetry, efficiency, and fairness of the macro economy and the micro economy. [3] [20] [30-31]
Symmetric economics is the first highly original economic theory system created by the Chinese. It is based on the philosophy of symmetry, five-degree space theory, and complex systems theory. It absorbs the latest achievements of natural science, social science, and thinking science. The true scientific economics established through the sublation of three major schools of economics in the world: Marxist economics, Keynesian economics, and neo-liberal economics, and the integration of microeconomics and macroeconomics. The global financial crisis shows that the economy is a unity of microeconomics and macroeconomics, and economics is a unity of microeconomics and macroeconomics. With the socialization of production and macroeconomics, economics will gradually be integrated, and the separation of microeconomics and macroeconomics will gradually become history. Reform is systems engineering and must be guided by overall economics. Economics as a whole is the comprehensiveness, integrity, generality, and humanity of economics, and the unity of economic scientism and humanism. The so-called "economic imperialism" is to replace the one-sided pursuit of the growth of monetary GDP with a symmetric development concept that pursues the all-round development of people; it is the unity of material production and spiritual production, and the unity of material wealth and spiritual wealth. As an intermediary, the unity of happiness and knowledge, the happiness economy and the knowledge economy; is the overall discipline of comprehensive philosophy, social science, thinking science, natural science, transversal science, and in-depth scientific achievements with human economic activity as the core; Structurally symmetric economics restores economics that are symmetric with the whole, with microeconomics and macroeconomics. Reform is to establish an economic system in which macroeconomics and microeconomics are symmetrical with each other and the function of productivity is best exerted. It is to establish an economic system in which "macroeconomics" and "microeconomics" are symmetrical with each other and the theoretical function is optimally used. The logic of "macroeconomics" and "microeconomics" being symmetrical with each other is a condensed history of "macroeconomics" and "microeconomics" being symmetrical; , Formed in the two-way movement of "macroeconomics" and "microeconomics". Formed in this two-way movement is symmetrical economics. Therefore, the so-called economics is symmetrical economics; the so-called unified economics of microeconomics and macroeconomics is symmetrical economics; the so-called economics as a whole is symmetrical economics. Symmetric economics is both a historical development of the logic of economics and economics, and a logical condensing of the history of economics and economics. Only economics that is logically consistent with history-symmetrical economics is scientific economics. [15] [20] [19]

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