What are different basal ganglia?

Basal ganglie is a collection of cores in the brain responsible for controlling voluntary movement and performing learned tasks. Damage to this area of ​​the brain causes problems with motor tasks and uncontrolled body movements. This damage may be caused by trauma, but is more likely to occur due to illness or brain disorder. Primary basal ganglias are Parkinson's disease, tardive dyskinesia, hemiballism and Huntington's disease.

Parkinson's disease is a type of hypokinetic disorder, which means it causes reduced engine control and movement speed. This disorder is the result of low dopamine levels in the basal ganglia. Parkinson characteristics include tremor, rigidity, slow movement, mixed walking formula and depression.

In addition to the Parkinson, basal ganglia are hyperkinetic disorders. Due to reduced activity in the basal ganglia, movement control and uncontrollable movements are affected. These movies can be in the form of tremor, jrhnIt runs away from limb movements or rapid alternating muscle movements.

Tardive dyskinesia is caused by problems with dopamine receptors in basal ganglia. The receptors become too sensitive to dopamine, leading to uncontrolled muscle movements. Such movements are most often observed in the face muscles. Hemiballism is characterized by involuntary movements only on one side of the body.

Huntington's disease is one of the most debilitating diseases of basal ganglia. This disorder is hereditary and causes significant problems with speech, movement, exploring and behavior. The activity of the limbs is jerky and the production of speech gradually decreases. The disease is progressive and eventually leads to death.

There are a few evidence that suggests that Tourette's syndrome can, at least partially, cause problems in basal ganglia. Abortion in the nerve circuits of basal nuclei can cause uncontrollable ticsand explosions associated with this disorder. Similarly, some types of obsessive compulsive disorders may be the result of dysfunction in this area of ​​the brain. The research of these disorders and their relationship to the basal ganglia began at the end of the 20th century, but led to the development of new forms of treatment on condition.

study of basal diseases of ganglia is an excellent means to discover more about this complex area of ​​the brain. Despite the activity of basal nuclei, it can lead to hypokinetic movements that are difficult to start, while under activity can lead to fast, uncontrollable movements. Getting an improved understanding of why changes in activity occur can keep the key to treating various basal ganglia diseases.