What is antigen processing?
Antigens are potentially harmful molecules and the processing of antigen concerns the biological method of identifying these molecules and solving those that are dangerous to the body. The antigens produced by the body are usually left alone, while the invasive foreign molecules to the body are usually neutralized or destroyed. There are two ways to process antigens in the body and each includes different cells of the immune system. The endogenous journey manages the particles inside the cells and the exogenous path is in charge of unknown particles outside the cells. Inside the cell, the virus or itself antigen is divided into fragments and introduced into the main histocompatibility molecules of class I (MHC). MOC molecules are associated with antigen, transport it to the cell membrane and present them with T-cells in the blood. During this presentation of the Jee antigen, self-antigens are ignored by T-cells, but the virus particles evoke an answer. To avoid the spread of the virus, the cytotic T-cells eliminate infected cells.
Exogenous processing of processing andNtigen participates in unknown particles in the blood. The cell presenting antigen (APC) consumes a foreign attacker, usually bacteria, the process of endocytosis. Examples of APC include macrophages, B-cells and dendritic cells. Inside APC, foreign particles are located inside the vesicles where they are divided into fragments. When this vesic is connected to another vesic filled with MHC MHC Molecules, MHC molecules associate with fragments.
combined vesicles move into the cell membrane to present the antigen in which MHC molecules represent antigens of T-cells in the blood. Instead of cytolytic T-cells, auxiliary T-cells are interacting with an APC antigenyna. Auxiliary T-cells help B-cells to produce antibodies against bacteria. If antibodies are created for a specific type of bacteria, the immune system is every future perpetrators of the same kind faster. This triggers a polyclonal answer in which many b-Cells produce many antibodies against the same antigen.
antigen processing can be harmful to the body if a person has autoimmune diseases such as celiac disease or rheumatoid arthritis. In a person with autoimmune disease, the body incorrectly identifies self -mothers as foreign attackers and attacks them. Allergic reactions are also caused by an inappropriate reaction of the immune system in which the immune system has exaggerated antigens, causing inflammation.