What Is End Stage Renal Disease?
End stage renal disease (ESRD) refers to the end stage of various chronic kidney diseases. It is similar to the concept of uremia, but with different diagnostic criteria. It is generally believed that the diagnosis can be made when the filtration rate of the pellet drops below 15ml / (min.1.73m2). That is to say, when chronic kidney disease reaches stage 5, it enters the stage of end-stage renal disease. In the early stages of end-stage renal disease, there can be no obvious discomfort, but with the progressive decline of renal function, toxins can accumulate in the body, which can cause various symptoms of uremia, such as nausea, vomiting, poor appetite, itchy skin, mouth Ammonia odor, edema, etc., and a series of complications such as anemia can occur.
End-stage renal disease
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- Chinese name
- End-stage renal disease
- Foreign name
- End stage renal disease, ESRD
- Concept
- End stage of chronic kidney disease
- Diagnosis
- Pellets filtration rate reduced to 5ml / (min.1.73m2)
- End stage renal disease (ESRD) refers to the end stage of various chronic kidney diseases. It is similar to the concept of uremia, but with different diagnostic criteria. It is generally believed that the diagnosis can be made when the filtration rate of the pellet drops below 15ml / (min.1.73m2). That is to say, when chronic kidney disease reaches stage 5, it enters the stage of end-stage renal disease. In the early stages of end-stage renal disease, there can be no obvious discomfort, but with the progressive decline of renal function, toxins can accumulate in the body, which can cause various symptoms of uremia, such as nausea, vomiting, poor appetite, itchy skin, mouth Ammonia odor, edema, etc., and a series of complications such as anemia can occur.
- Terminal stage
- First of all, patients should relax now, don't be too nervous, and the condition itself is not good. Also, you are not diagnosed with chronic nephritis now, so don't be blind. Then it is recommended that you check the current condition again. The examination equipment and standards of different hospitals are different, and the results of the examination are also different. There are many reasons for the appearance of protein, so before the condition is not diagnosed, do not worry, you should actively make a diagnosis. If it is chronic nephritis, early detection is the reversible stage, and active treatment can be [1]
- 1. Renal function test: If the patient has inflammation in the kidney, the function of the renal tubule will decrease, the amount of urine sodium and potassium will be increased, and metabolic acidosis will occur. When urine is low, potassium will increase, and glomerular function will be impaired in the later stage. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine will increase, eventually leading to the occurrence of uremia.
- 2. Urine culture inspection: Urine culture refers to the cultivation of bacteria in normal urine. Normal urine should be a sterile liquid, but there are various bacteria on the surface of the human genitourinary tract. Females generally have no pathogenic bacteria due to pH acidity in the vagina, and parasitic pathogenic bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria. As the pH changes, so does the normal flora. Therefore, urine culture should be taken aseptically (preferably under the guidance of a doctor, washing and disinfecting the external urethra) to eliminate external bacterial interference and accurately detect whether there is bacteria in the urine, whether it is pathogenic bacteria or conditional pathogens.
- 3. Routine urine test: The symptoms of nephritis are that urine protein is usually trace or small, and proteinuria is greater than 3.0 / 24 hours. There will be a small amount of red blood cells and white blood cells in the urine sediment. If the white blood cell cast is found to be very helpful in diagnosing the disease, it is not a characteristic of nephritis. [2]