What Is the Difference Between a Disease and Syndrome?

Syndrome zng hé zhng syndrome A typical set of signs or symptoms of animal and plant diseases, dysfunction, pathological focus or injury.

[zng hé zhng]

Syndrome zng hé zhng syndrome A typical set of signs or symptoms of animal and plant diseases, dysfunction, pathological focus or injury.

Syndrome Introduction

Syndrome ( syndrome ) In various pathological processes, when one symptom appears, it is accompanied by several other symptoms. This group of symptoms is very stereotyped, and it is called a syndrome when they are unified for observation. The symptoms of a syndrome can be considered to be caused by a basic cause. "Also called 'symptoms'. It represents some interconnected organ disease or dysfunction and a group of symptoms occur at the same time. It is often not an independent disease, and it can often appear in several diseases or diseases caused by several different reasons. When there is significant systemic edema, a large amount of proteinuria, decreased plasma albumin, and increased cholesterol, they are called 'nephrotic syndrome'. Many syndromes are named after the surname of one or more scholars who first discovered it, such as Alzheimer's syndrome, etc. "Symptoms in traditional Chinese medicine, such as the Visceral Fever Syndrome and Six Meridian Fractal Syndrome, show symptoms similar to syndromes."

Syndrome connotation

The term "syndrome" has two connotations: 1. "syndrome" is not an independent disease, but a group of "symptoms". For example, the "respiratory distress syndrome" during the SARS epidemic is a critical illness that can occur when a variety of diseases worsen. Second, each "syndrome" has several basic characteristics. For example, the name of "acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)" shows that all patients suffering from AIDS meet two basic conditions: "acquired" (not hereditary) and "immunodeficiency", and individual patients It can manifest as a variety of specific diseases such as malignant tumors, pneumonia, and fungal infections.

Of Syndrome Syndrome and Syndrome

Which one should be written for "syndrome" and "syndrome"?

In medicine, when "symptoms" and "symptoms" are juxtaposed, "symptoms" are "symptoms", such as headaches, blurred vision, and vomiting, which are discomforts that the patient can perceive; "symptoms" are "physical signs", specifically referring to a doctor's examination Abnormal changes found, such as fundus hemorrhage, cardiac murmurs, and pathological reflexes. The word "disease" alone has multiple meanings, such as "disease" (emergency, complications), "symptoms" (fever, deficiency), and traditional Chinese medicine also refers to the disease of agglomeration in the abdomen ("disease" (disease) ), And the word "zheng" is used to indicate "signs", "symptoms", "characteristics", etc. It can be seen that the word "symptoms" cannot fully reflect the connotation of "syndrome", and there are many ambiguities and it is easy to be misunderstood as some kind of independence Disease.

"Symptoms" of "syndrome" mean "phenomena, signs" and "characteristics". That is to say, they can only have "characteristic expressions" of "a group" or "a series". Distinguish different "symptoms".

Conversely, for diseases whose cause is relatively clear and whose symptoms and signs are relatively concentrated in a single system, it is generally not appropriate to label the word "comprehensive" or "sign", but to directly name it as "symptom" .

The "syndrome" that appears in many media is a wrong way of writing. The standard name should be "syndrome."

See pragmatic examples:

(1) Half of the two-month summer vacation has passed, and the results of the middle school entrance examination and college entrance examination have been released one after another, and some "post-examination syndromes" have begun to gradually appear. (Shanghai Wen Wei Po, August 5, 2002)

(2) Some women who have mild or severe symptoms during this period (menopause), which are mainly caused by autonomic dysfunction, are called menopausal syndrome. (Taiwan Healthy Living Network, "Zheng" is a traditional word, simplified as "Zheng".)

(3) The Chinese Medical University estimates that there are 7,000 patients with carpal tunnel syndrome in Hong Kong, most of whom are working women, expectant women and computer keyboard operators. (Hong Kong Ta Kung Pao, July 6, 2002)

(4) A study led by Dr. Huang Yuxian found that since most air conditioners can only recirculate the air in the bedroom, if the air conditioner is turned on overnight, the amount of carbon dioxide in the room will be higher than the acceptable amount. Suffering from Sick Building Syndrome. (On August 5, 2002, Singapore Lianhe Zaobao News? Singapore)

(5) The explanation of "Economy Class Syndrome" may need to be changed, because a female passenger who took the first-class cabin recently died one day after returning home from the United States to the United Kingdom. The cause of death was deep vein embolism, which is our Commonly known as "Economy Class Syndrome". (March 22, 2002, Nanyang Commercial Daily, Kuala Lumpur)

Shanghai and Taipei use the word "sign" and Hong Kong, Singapore and Kuala Lumpur use the word "symptom". In fact, these five examples are not necessarily representative. The use of "sign" in examples (1) and (2) does not mean that both Shanghai and Taipei use "sign". "Symptom" does not mean that "Symptom" is used in Hong Kong, Singapore and Kuala Lumpur. A common situation is a mixture of "sign" and "disease".

Syndrome, the "English-Chinese Dictionary" edited by Lu Gusun is: syndromes, syndromes, and syndromes; (indicating behaviors, views, emotions, etc.) a set of performances (or characteristics) that occur (or exist) at the same time A group of things (such as emotions, actions, etc.). The first meaning of the interpretation of the New Century English-Chinese Dictionary (Taipei Far East Edition) edited by Lin Lianxiang is "[Doctor] Zheng Houqun, Syndrome". "Symptom" has the meaning of "aura, sign, or (predicted by a certain situation)", so there are a number of signs that should be called "XX syndrome", such as Sjogren Syndrome ), Down's syndrome (Dow'ns syndrome), etc.

However, "XX Syndrome" is also a disease, so it is often written as "XX Syndrome", and the mixed situation is so serious that even the editors of Medical Books Publishing House are not allowed. Therefore, some people suggest that: symptoms: used for symptoms and complications; signs: used for syndromes, signs, signs, indications (Guo Yousheng: "The use of" symptoms, "" symptoms, "" signs "should be standardized, "Science and Technology Terminology Research", No. 2, 2002, p. 35).