What are Personal Computers?

A personal computer is a multipurpose computer of a size, price, and performance suitable for personal use. Personal computers are desktops, laptops to small laptops and tablets, and ultrabooks.

The development of computers

Back up relevant data in a timely manner and use the firewall properly

Whether it is a personal computer or an enterprise's computer cluster, we must establish a sound awareness of the true security of computer systems. In recent years, with the continuous upgrade of computer viruses and the increase in types. In order to effectively protect the data and personal information stored in the personal computer, a genuine computer must be installed accordingly.

With the rapid development of science and technology, electronic products are widely used in life and work, especially in work, most of the tasks are completed by computers. ^[5]

Personal computer hardware

During the use of the computer, the probability of hardware failure is very high and complicated. For example, the black screen phenomenon that we see every day, and no display phenomenon at startup. Frequent alarms and frequent crashes, etc. These phenomena are actually caused by hardware failures. ^[6]

Methods to follow when computer hardware fails

(1) Peripheral first, then host: Since the faults on peripherals are relatively easy to find and remove, we first check the external devices and working conditions of the mouse, keyboard, display, etc. according to the error information on the system. Consider the complex host part after the exclusion is complete. ^[6]

(2) Power supply before parts: Power supply is easily ignored by users. Generally, the power supply is insufficient, and the output current is abnormal, which can easily lead to some failures. Many times the user checks the motherboard, graphics card, and hard disk. As for the reason, I don't know if this is the power source. ^[6]

(3) Simple at first and then complicated: When the microcomputer fails, the inspection starts from the simplest cause first. Many times failures are caused by loose data cables, excessive dust, and poor card contact. After the simple method is tested, consider whether the problem is hardware damage. ^[6]

Troubleshooting method

Plug-in replacement method: The plug-in replacement method is the most primitive method. It is also the most direct method. The replacement method is simple. First of all, based on the problem that appeared on the computer, I generally suspected that the problem was somewhere. For example, on the display of the microcomputer, on the graphics card, on the hard disk, and on the keyboard, remove the suspect object and install it on another good microcomputer. If another microcomputer does not work, you can directly know that the object is out of order. If there is no problem to continue to doubt and replace, the problem object will eventually be found. ^[6]

Direct observation method: The direct observation method is based on the BIOS alarm sound and the description on the power-on self-test information to determine the hardware failure. Troubleshoot based on various sounds and instructions. For example, if there is a problem with the hard disk during the self-test, you can check whether the data and power cables on the hard disk are loose. When there is a problem with the display. Check the monitor and graphics card and the VGA interface. Wipe the dust off and see if the interface has broken pins. ^[6]

Detect with specialized diagnostic software: Diagnostic software is a specialized hardware fault checking tool that can help it quickly identify the cause of a fault. Such as Norton Tools (Norton Toolbox). The diagnostic software can not only check the operating status of various components (such as CPU, memory, motherboard, hard disk, etc.) inside the whole system, but also check the stability of the entire system and system working ability. If the same question is found, it will give detailed report information. Facilitate us to find the cause of the failure and troubleshoot. ^[6]

System minimization check: The principle of system minimization check is very similar to the plug and replace method. Is to use the smallest system to diagnose one by one. For example, only the CPU, memory, graphics card, and motherboard are installed. If it does not work properly after booting. Then check the four components using the plug-in replacement method. If they can work normally, then connect the hard disk and then the display. And so on until the fault is found. ^[6]

PC software section

The software is mainly divided into two parts: system software and application software. When users use the system software, such as XP / 2000 system, there will be a lot of junk files in the system if they are used for too long. The daily system operation makes the system slow down or even the system fails to work. In the process of using application software, after installing a lot of application software, inexplicable system conflicts will appear in the system, and some normal functions will also appear abnormal after permanent. These are inevitable. ^[6]

Generally speaking, the questions that appear in software can be classified into the following categories:

(1) Failure caused by incompatible software and system. The version of the software is incompatible with the running environment configuration, causing it to fail to run, the system freezes, some files being altered and lost, and so on. ^[6]

(2) Failures caused by conflicting software. Conflicts in the operating environment, access area, work address, etc. of two or more software and programs cause the system to work chaotically, and files to be lost. ^[6]

(3) Faults caused by misoperations. Misoperations are divided into command misoperations and software program operation misoperations. Commands that should not be used were executed. Operations that should not be used were selected. Some destructive programs were run. Loss of files due to correct or incompatible diagnostic procedures, disk operation procedures, performance testing procedures, disk formatting, etc. ^[6]

(4) Causes caused by computer viruses. Computer viruses will greatly interfere with and affect the use of computers. Data and information stored on computers can be damaged or even completely lost, and they can spread to other computers. Most computer viruses can be hidden from standby like a time bomb. ^[6]

(5) Failure caused by incorrect system configuration. There are three types of system configuration failures, namely the system startup basic CMOS chip configuration, and the system command configuration of the system boot process configuration. If these configuration parameters and settings are incorrect or not set, the microcomputer may not work and cause operation failure. barrier. Soft faults of a computer can generally be recovered, but in some cases some software faults can also be converted into hardware faults. ^[6]