What Are Essential Medicines?

Essential medicines were proposed by the World Health Organization in 1977. They refer to medicines that meet basic medical and health needs, have suitable dosage forms, are reasonably priced, can guarantee supply, and are accessible to the public.

Essential medicines

Essential medicines were proposed by the World Health Organization in 1977. They refer to medicines that meet basic medical and health needs, have suitable dosage forms, are reasonably priced, can guarantee supply, and are accessible to the public.

On August 18, 2009, China formally announced "Implementation Opinions on Establishing the National Essential Medicines System", "Administrative Measures for the National Essential Medicines List (Interim)", and "National Essential Medicines List (Equipment and Use of Primary Medical and Health Institutions)" ( 2009 version), which marked the formal implementation of China's establishment of a national essential drug system.

In September 2018, the total number of revised national essential medicines in the 2018 edition increased from 520 to 685. ^[1-2]

Essential drugs or medicines is a concept proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1977. Security base

The Chinese government has been participating since 1979

The Essential Medicines List was developed in 1977 with the aim of providing a model for governments to select medicines to address local public health needs and develop national lists.

In its first edition, the 1977 edition, the Essential Medicines List identified 208 medicines to address the global burden of disease at the time. This list is revised every two years by an independent expert committee to reflect new health challenges, new developments in medicine, and changing patterns of resistance.

The latest version, updated in March 2007, includes 340 drugs that address most of the world's most important diseases, including

The availability of drugs in developing countries is impaired by several factors. These include poor supply and distribution systems, sanitation

In 2006, an WHO / Health Action international study in China (Shanghai) showed that among a total of 41 drugs surveyed 19 of which were included in the country s national essential medicines list branded drugs sold by private pharmacies Only 10%, generic drugs account for 15%;

2004 in

Many international organizations, including UNICEF and UNHCR, as well as non-governmental organizations and international non-profit supply agencies, have adopted the concept of essential medicines. The Essential Medicines List provides guidance on international drug procurement and supply, reimbursement programs for medicines, donations, and local production.

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and

On August 18, 2009, China formally announced "Implementation Opinions on Establishing a National Essential Drug System", "Administrative Measures for the National Essential Drug List (Interim)" and "National Essential Drug List (Equipment and Use of Primary Medical and Health Institutions)" (2009 Edition), which marked the formal implementation of China's establishment of a national essential drug system.

Part I Chemicals and Biological Products

First, antimicrobial drugs

(1) Penicillins

1 Penicillin Benzylpenicillin injection

2 Oxacillin Injection

3 Ampicillin injection

4 Piperacillin injection

5 amoxicillin oral release dosage form

6 Amoxicillin and Clavulanate

Potassium Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

(Two) cephalosporins

7 Cefazolin injection

8 Cefalexin Cefalexin Oral regular release dosage form, granules

9 Cefuroxime Oral Frequent Release Forms, Injections Note 1

10 Ceftriaxone Ceftriaxone Injection

(Three) aminoglycosides

11 Amikacin injection

12 Gentamycin injection

(4) Macrolides

13 erythromycin Erythromycin oral oral release dosage form, injection

14 Azithromycin Oral regular release dosage form, granules

(5) Other antibiotics

15 Clindamycin Oral regular release dosage form, injection

16 Fosfomycin injection

(6) Sulfonamides

17 Compound Sulfamethoxazole Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

(7) Quinolones

18 Norfloxacin Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

19 Ciprofloxacin Oral regular release dosage form, injection

20 Levofloxacin Oral Frequent Release Forms, Injections

(8) Nitrofurans

21 Furantoin Nitrofurantoin Oral Frequent Release Dosage Form

(9) Anti-TB drugs

22 Isoniazid Oral regular release dosage form, injection

23 Rifampicin Oral Frequent Release Dosage Form

24 Pyrazinamide Oral Frequent Release Dosage Form

25 Ethambutol, oral regular release dosage form

26 streptomycin injection

27 Sodium Aminosalicylate Oral Frequent Release Form, Injection

(10) Anti-leprosy drugs

28 dapsone oral oral release dosage form

(11) Antifungal drugs

29 Fluconazole Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

30 Nystatin Nysfungin Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

(12) Antiviral drugs

31 Aciclovir Acidlovir Oral Ordinary Release Dosage Form

32 Ribavirin Oral Frequent Release, Granules, Injections

33 Anti-AIDS Medication Note 2

Antiparasitic drugs

(1) Antimalarial drugs

34 chloroquine Chloroquine oral oral release dosage form, injection

35 Primaquine Oral Ordinary Release Dosage Form

36 Artemisinin Notes 3

(Two) anti-amoebiasis drugs and anti-trichomoniasis drugs

37 Metronidazole Oral regular release dosage form, injection

(3) Anti-Leishmaniasis

38 Sodium Stibogluconate Injection

(D) Anti-schistosomiasis drugs

39 Praziquantel Oral Frequent Release Dosage Form

(E) Intestinal worm medicine

40 Albendazole Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

Third, anesthetics

(A) local anesthetics

41 Lidocaine injection

42 Bupivacaine injection

43 Procaine Procaine Injection

(Two) general anesthetics

44 Ketamine Ketamine Injection

Fourth, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-rheumatic, anti-gout medicine

(1) Analgesics

45 Fentanyl Injection

46 pethidine injection

(2) Antipyretic and analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic drugs

47 acetaminophen Paraacetamol oral dosage form, granules

48 Aspirin Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

49 Ibuprofen Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

50 Diclofenac oral oral release dosage form, oral sustained release dosage form

51 Indometacin suppositories

(Three) anti-gout drugs

52 Allopurinol Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

53 Colchicine Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

Five, nervous system medication

(A) anti-Parkinson's disease drugs

54 Amantadine Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

55 benzexol, oral regular release dosage form

(Two) antimyasthenia gravis

56 neostigmine neostigmine injection

(Three) antiepileptic drugs

57 Carbamazepine Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

58 Sodium Valproate Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

59 Phenytoin Sodium Oral regular release dosage form, injection

60 Phenobarbital Oral Frequent Release, Injectable

(D) Cerebrovascular disease medication and anti-cranial pressure medication

61 Nimodipine Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

62 Ergotamine and Caffeine Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

63 Mannitol injection

(5) Sedative Hypnotics

64 Diazepam Oral regular release dosage form, injection

(Six) other

65 Citicoline Citicoline Injection

66.Nikethamide Injection

67 Lobeline Injection

Drugs for the treatment of mental disorders

(1) Antipsychotics

68 Perphenazine Oral Frequent Release, Injectable

69 Chlorpromazine Oral regular release dosage form, injection

70 Haloperidol Haloperidol Oral release formulation, injection

(Two) anxiolytics

71 Estazolam Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

(Three) antidepressants

72 Amitriptyline Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

73 Doxepin Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

Drugs for the cardiovascular system

(A) Antianginal Pills

74 Nitroglycerin Oral regular release dosage form, injection

75 Isosorbide Dinitrate Oral regular release dosage form, injection

76 Nifedipine Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

(Two) antiarrhythmic drugs

77 Mexiletine Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

78 propafenone propafenone oral oral release form, injection

79 Procainamide Injection

80 Propranolol Oral Frequent Release Dosage Form

81 Atenolol Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

82 Metoprolol Oral regular release dosage form, injection

83 Amiodarone Oral Frequent Release Form, Injection

84 Verapamil Oral regular release dosage form, injection

(Three) anti-heart failure drugs

85 Digoxin Digoxin Oral oral release dosage form, injection

86 Deslanoside Injection

(IV) Antihypertensive drugs

87 Captopril Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

88 Enalapril Oral Ordinary Release Dosage Form

89 Sodium Nitroprusside injection

90 Magnesium Sulfate Injection

91 Nitrendipine Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

92 Indapamide Oral regular release dosage form, oral sustained release dosage form

93 Phentolamine Injection

94 Compound Reserpine Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

95 Compound Hypotensive Oral Frequent Release Dosage Form

(5) Anti-shock drugs

96 Adrenaline Injection

97 Noradrenaline Injection

98 Isoprenaline Isoprenaline Injection

99 Metaramine Metataraminol Injection

100 Dopamine Dopamine Injection

101 Dobutamine Injection

(6) Lipid-lowering and anti-atherosclerotic drugs

102 Simvastatin oral regular release dosage form

Respiratory medications

(1) Expectorant

103 Bromhexine Oral Frequent Release Dosage Form

104 Ambroxol Oral Frequent Release Form, Oral Solution

(Two) antitussives

105 Pentoxyverine Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

106 Compound Liquorice Oral Frequent Release Form, Oral Solution

(Three) asthma medicine

107 Salbutamol aerosol, atomizing solution

108 aminophylline Aminophylline Oral regular release dosage form, oral sustained release dosage form, injection

109 Theophylline Oral regular release dosage form, Oral sustained release dosage form

Medications for the digestive system

(A) antacids and anti-ulcer drugs

110 Compound Aluminium Hydroxide Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

111 Ranitidine Oral regular release dosage form, injection

112 Famotidine Oral regular release dosage form, injection

113 Omeprazole Oral Frequent Release Form

114 Bismuth Potassium Citrate

(Two) digestive aids

115 Lactasin Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

(Three) gastrointestinal antispasmodics and gastric motility drugs

116 Belladonna Oral Normal Release Dosage Form, Tincture

117 Anisodamine Oral regular release dosage form, injection

118 Atropine Oral regular release dosage form, injection

119 Domperidone Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

120 Metoclopramide Metoclopramide Oral regular release dosage form, injection

(IV) Laxatives and Antidiarrheals

121 Kaisailu enema

122 Phenolphthalein Oral Frequent Release Dosage Form

123 Smectite Oral Powder

(E) Drugs for Hepatobiliary Diseases

124 Ursodeoxycholic Acid Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

125 Bifendate Oral regular release dosage form, pills

(Six) other

126 Berberine Berberine Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

Ten, urinary system medication

(1) Diuretics

127 Furosemide, oral regular release dosage form, injection

128 Hydrochlorothiazide Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

129 Spironolactone Oral Frequent Release Dosage Form

130 Ampicillin Triamterene Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

(B) medication for benign prostatic hyperplasia

131 Terazosin Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

Eleven blood system drugs

(1) Anti-anemia drugs

132 Ferrous Sulfate Oral regular release dosage form, oral sustained release dosage form

133 Iron Dextran Injection

Vitamin B12 Vitamin B12 injection

135 Folic Acid

(Two) antiplatelet drugs

Aspirin Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

136 Dipyridamole Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

(Three) procoagulants

137 Thrombin topical lyophilized powder

138 Vitamin K1 injection

139 Aminomethylbenzoic Acid Oral Ordinary Release Dosage Form

(IV) Anticoagulant and thrombolytic drugs

140 Heparin Heparin Injection

(V) Blood Volume Expansion Agent

141 Dextran (40,70) Dextran (40,70) Injection

Twelve, hormones and drugs that affect endocrine

(1) Hypothalamic Pituitary Hormones and Their Analogs

142 Chorionic Gonadotrophin injection

(B) adrenal corticosteroids

143 Hydrocortisone Oral Ordinary Release Dosage Form, Injection

144 Prednisone Oral Ordinary Release Dosage Form

145 Dexamethasone Dexamethasone Oral regular release dosage form, injection

(Three) insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs

Insulin

146 Insulin Injection Note 4

2. Oral hypoglycemic drugs

147 Metformin Moutform

148 Glibenclamide Oral regular release dosage form

149 Glipizide Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

(IV) Thyroid hormones and antithyroid drugs

150 Thyroid Tablets

151 Thiamazole Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

152 Propylthiouracil Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

(5) Androgens and anabolic hormones

153 Testosterone Propionate

154 Methyltestosterone Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

(6) Estrogen and Progestogen

155 Progesterone Injection

156 medroxyprogesterone oral oral release dosage form

Thirteen, anti-allergic drugs

157 Chlorphenamine Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

158 Diphenhydramine Oral regular release dosage form, injection

159 Cyproheptadine Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

160 Promethazine Oral regular release dosage form, injection

14. Medications for the immune system

161 Tripterygium Glycosides

162 Azathioprine Oral Frequent Release Dosage Form

15.Vitamin and Mineral Medicines

(A) Vitamins

163 Vitamin B1 Injection

164 Vitamin B2 Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

165 Vitamin B6 Injection

166 Vitamin C Injection

167 Vitamin D2 Vitamin D2 Oral regular release dosage form, injection

(Two) minerals

168 Calcium Gluconate

(Three) parenteral nutrition drugs

169 Compound Amino Acid 18AA Injection

16. Medicines for regulating water, electrolytes and acid-base balance

(I) Water and electrolyte balance regulating drugs

170 Oral Rehydration Salts

171 Sodium Chloride injection

172 Glucose and Sodium Chloride Injection

173 Compound Sodium Chloride Injection

174 Potassium Chloride Oral regular release, oral sustained release, granules, injection

(Two) acid-base balance regulators

175 Sodium Lactate Ringer's Injection

176 Sodium Bicarbonate Oral regular release dosage form, injection

(C) other

177 Glucose injection

17. Antidote

(A) cyanide poisoning and antidote

178 Sodium Thiosulfate Injection

(II) Organophosphate poisoning and antidote

179 Pralidoxime Chloride Injection

(3) Nitrite poisoning and antidote

180 Methylthioninium Chloride Injection

(4) Opioid Poisoning and Antidote

181 Naloxone Injection

(5) Antidote for rat medicine

182 Acetamide Injection

18. Biological Products

183 Tetanus Antitoxin Injection

184 Rabies Antiserum Injection

185 Snake Antivenin Injection Note 5

186 National Vaccines for Vaccines Note 6

Nineteen, diagnostic drugs

187 Meglumine Diatrizoate Injection

188 Barium Sulfate Dry Suspension Note 7

Twenty, dermatology medication

(1) Anti-infective drugs

* (13) Erythromycin external ointment dosage form

* (31) Aciclovir Aciclovir Topical Ointment

189 Miconazole Topical Ointment

(Two) keratolytics

190 Urea Urea Topical Ointment

191 Ichthammol Ichthammol Topical Ointment

192 Salicylic Acid Topical Ointment

(Three) corticosteroids

* (143) Hydrocortisone Hydrocortisone External Ointment

(Four) other

193 Tretinoin External Ointment, Gel

Twenty-one, ophthalmic medicine

(1) Anti-infective drugs

194 Chloramphenicol Eye Drops

* (20) Levofloxacin eye drops

* (31) Aciclovir Eyedrop

* (13) Erythromycin eye ointment

(B) Glaucoma medication

195 Pilocarpine Pilocarpine Injection, Eye Drops

196 Timolol Eye Drops

197 Acetazolamide Oral Normal Release Dosage Form

(C) other

* (118) Atropine eye drops, eye ointment

198 Cortisone Cortisone eye drops, eye ointment

Twenty-two, ENT medicine

199 Ephedrine Nasal Drops

200 Ofloxacin Ear Drops

201 Difenidol Oral Frequent Release Dosage Form

23. Gynecology and obstetrics

(1) Uterine contraction medicine

202 Oxytocin Injection

203 Ergometrine Ergometrine Injection

204 Posterior Pituitary Injection

(B) other

* (189) Miconazole suppository

* (37) Metronidazole, effervescent tablet, suppository

24. Drugs for family planning

205 Birth Control Pill Note 8

Part II Chinese patent medicine

Serial number Functional drug name Remarks

I. Medicine

(I) Anti-relief agent

1 Xin Wen Jie Jiu Jiu Mi Huo Pills (Granule)

2 Xin Wen Jie table cold cold particles

3 Xinliang Jiebiao Chaihu Injection

4 Xinliang Jiebiao Yinqiao Jiedu Pills (granule, tablet)

5 Shuangjie Fengfeng Tongsheng Pills (particles)

6 Jade screen particles

(Two) heatstroke remover

7 Solution for Qushu Baoji Pill

8 Solution to remove heat

9 Jianwei Qushu Ten Drops of Water

(3) Laxatives

10 Runchang Laxative Maren Runchang Pills (soft capsule)

(D) heat-removing agent

11 Qingre Xiehuo Huanglian Shangqing Pills (granules, capsules, tablets)

12 Niuehuang Jiedu Pills (Capsules, Soft Capsules, Tablets)

13 Niuhuang Shangqing pills (capsules, tablets) for clearing heat and purging fire Note 2

14 Qinghuangjiedu Shuanghuanglian mixture (granule, capsule, tablet)

15 Qingrejiedu Yinhuang Granules (tablets)

16 Qingrejiedu Banlangen granules

17 Qinggan Jiedu Hugan Tablets (capsules, granules)

18 Qingre Qushi Yin Zhihuang Granules (oral solution)

19 Compound Berberine Tablets

(E) Wenli agent

20 Wenzhong Jianpi Fuzi Lizhong Pills (tablets)

21 Wenzhong Jianpi Xiangsha Yangwei Pills (particles, tablets)

(6) Cough and asthma

22 Sanhanzhiketongxuanlifei pills (particles, capsules, tablets)

23 Qingfeizhike snake bile Chuanbei liquid

24 Qingfeizhike orange red pills (granule, capsule, tablet)

25 Qingfei Zhike Xiaoer Xiaoji Zhike Oral Liquid

26 Runfeizhike Yangyin Qingfei Pill

27 Qingfei Pingchuan Toad Dingchuan Pills

(Vii) Antidote

28 Qingre Kaiqiao Qingkailing granules (capsules, tablets, injections)

29 Heat Relief An Gong Niuhuang Wan Note 3

30 Huatan Kaiqiao Suhexiang Pills

(Eight) astringent

31 Bushen shrinking urine shrinking pill (capsule)

(IX) Righting agent

32 Jianpi Yiqi Buzhong Yiqi Pills (Particles)

33 Jianpi Yiqi Shenling Baizhu Powder (Pills, Granules)

34 Spleen and Stomach Xiangsha Liujun Pills

35 Jianpi Yangxue Guipi Pill (mixture)

36 Ziyin Bushen Liuwei Dihuang Wan

37 Nourishing Yin and Lowering Fire Zhibai Dihuang Wan

38 Zishen Yanggan Qi Ju Di Huang Wan (capsules, tablets)

39 Wenbu Shenyang Jinkui Shenqi Pills (tablets)

40 Shishin Pills (tablets)

41 Yiqi Yangyin Xiaoke Pills

42 Yiqi Fumai Shenmai Injection

43 Shengmai drink (granule, capsule, injection)

(10) Analgesics

44 Yangxin Anshen Tianwang Buxin Pills (tablet)

(11) Hemostasis

45 Liangxue Zhixue Huaijiao Pills

46 Sanyu Zhixue Sanqi Capsules (tablets)

(12) Quyu agents

47 Huoxue Quyu Xueshuantong Injection, Xueshuantong for Injection (lyophilized)

48 Huoxue Quyu Xuesaitong Injection, Xuesaitong for Injection (lyophilized)

49 Salvia Injection

50 Yiqi Huoxue Shexiang Baoxin Pill Note 4

51 Liqi Huoxue Compound Danshen Tablets (capsules, granules, drip pills)

52 Liqi Huoxue Xuefu Zhuyu Pills (capsules)

53 Ziyin Huoxue Mai Luo Ning Injection

54 Huayu wide chest crown heart Suhe pill (capsule, soft capsule)

55 Huayu Wide Chest Quick-acting Jiuxin Pill

56 Huayu Wide Chest Diaoxinxuekang Capsule

57 Huayu Tongmai Tongxinluo Capsule

(XIII) Qi-regulating agent

58 Shugan Jieyu Danzhi Xiaoyao Pill

59 Shugan Jieyu Xiaoyao Pills (Particles)

60 Shugan and Weiqi Stomach Pain Granules (tablets)

61 Shugan and Weiwei Granules

62 Liqi Analgesic Yuan Hu Analgesic Tablets (capsules, granules, drip pills)

63 Liqi Analgesic Sanjiuweitai Granules

(14) Decontaminating agents

64 Xiaoshi Diaobao Bao (Pills, Tablets)

(15) Wind treatment agents

65 Evacuation Waifeng Chuanxiong Tea Pills (Scatter, Granules, Tablets)

66 Qufeng Huayu Zhengtian Pill (capsule)

67 Pinggan Xifeng Songling Xuemaikang Capsule

68 Qufeng Tongluo Huajing Remaking Pill

(16) Dehumidifier

69 Swelling Lishui Wuling Powder (capsules, tablets)

70 Yishen Tonglin Pulean Capsules (tablets)

71 Huayutong Lintong Shushu Capsule

72 Fuzheng Qushi Bibi Granules (tablet)

73 Huazhuo Jiangzhixuezhikang Capsules

Second, surgical medication

74 Qingre Lishi Xiaoyan Lidan Tablets (particles, capsules)

75 Clearing Heat and Swelling Ma Yinglong Musk Hemorrhoid Cream Note 5

76 Detoxifying Ji Desheng Snake Pills

77 Clearing heat and detoxifying forsythia and poisonous pills (paste, tablets)

78 Detoxification Ruyi Golden Powder

79 Tonglin elimination stone row stone particles

80 Ruanjian Sanjie Xiaowan Pills

Third, gynecological medication

(1) Qi-regulating agent

81 Yangxue Shugan Gynecological Shiwei Tablets

82 Huoxue Huayu Motherwort Cream (granule, capsule, tablet)

(Two) heat-clearing agent

83 Qingre Dehumidification Gynecological Qianjin Tablets (Capsule)

(Three) righting agent

84 Nourishing Blood and Regulating Ai Fu Nuan Gong Wan

85 Yiqi Yangxue Bazhen Yimu Pills (capsules)

86 Yiqi Yangxue Wuji Baifeng Pills (capsules, tablets)

87 Ziyin Anshen Menopause

(D) Sanitizing agent

88 Swelling and Swelling Milk Lotion (Capsules, Granules)

Ophthalmic Medicine

(A) heat-clearing agent

89 Qingre Sanfeng Mingmu Supernatant Film

(Two) righting agent

90 Ziyin Yanggan Mingmu Dihuang Wan

Five, ENT medicine

(A) ear disease

91 Zishen Pinggan Deaf Zuo Ci Pill

(2) Rhinopathy

92 Xuanfei Tongqiao Biyankang Tablets

93 Qingre Tongqiao Zhidan Pill (tablet, drip pill)

(Three) throat disease

94 Huatan Liyan Huangshi Shengsheng Pills

Orthopedics

95 Activating Blood Stasis and Bone Joint Seven Cent Tablets

96 Activating Blood Stasis Bone Fractures

97 Yunnan Baiyao (capsule, ointment, tincture, aerosol)

98 Huoxue Tongluo Huoxue Zhitong Powder (capsule)

99 Huoxue Tongluo Shujin Huoxue Pills (tablets)

100 Huoxue Tongluo Ningshu Granules Note 6

101 Huoxuetongluo Dog Skin Cream

102 Bushen Zhuanggu Xianling Gufu Capsule

Part III Chinese Herbal Pieces

Chinese herbal medicines that have promulgated national standards are national basic medicines, unless otherwise stipulated by the state.