What is the history of anesthetics?

anesthesia, which allows medical procedures without pain, has been a science developing over the centuries. The history of anesthetic drugs dates back to thousands of years, with ancient Chinese and Indian texts recommend using opium and cannabis to ensure pain relief. In Western medicine, opium and alcohol have been used since the Middle Ages, often by military surgeons, to prepare people for painful processes such as amputation.

Since the end of the 18th century, the history of anesthetic drugs has turned because scientists and doctors have begun to develop medicines specifically for this purpose. Joseph Priestley around 1775 found that nitrous gas oxide could be inhaled to ensure general anesthesia. Diethylether, other inhalation substances and cocaine injection began to be used also, especially dentists. Successful public operations, which concerned Ether, began to help him gain popularity in the Medicel Community. Other scientists also tried to use other gases, but many of these drugs were not reliable in their capacityproviding pain relief or unconsciousness in all individuals; It has been shown that some, such as chloroform, are potentially harmful or toxic.

In the 20th century, the history of anesthetic drugs began to become more advanced because chemistry and medicine sciences ripened. In 1902, the invention of the first barbiturate could be administered orally to patients, although these drugs continue to have problems with potential years. The pipes embedded in the airways began to be used together with a combination of general and local anesthetics to allow individuals to continue breathing, even if they are under the influence of these drugs.

Further progress in the history of anesthetic compounds came up with the innovation of Thiopental sodium in 1934, which could be injected with patients instead of orally. This development allowed medical experts to have more control over benefits. Soon thereafter, the Department of Surgical Department in Hospitals followedEy and medical schools and individuals working in these places began to experiment with newer synthesized drugs, such as changes in naturally occurring opioid painkillers.

Development in the history of anesthetic science continues to this day. Anesthesiologists have discovered compounds, including local anesthetics derived from cocaine molecules, short -term opioids and general sedatives such as propofol. Generally, drugs with short acting times, reliable reactions to the dose between most individuals and the high safety margins and substances that meet these criteria are still being created.