What Are the Posterior Calf Muscles?

The lower leg is an organ of the part of the human body "below the knee and above the ankle". The contents of its lateral osteofascial sheath include lateral calf muscles and superficial peroneal nerve. The contents of the anterior fascia sheath include the anterior calf muscles, including the third fat osteomuscle, the anterior tibial artery, vein, and deep peroneal nerve.

[xio tu]

The calf is the human leg "below the knee,

Calf refers to the lower extremity from the knee joint to

1. The contents of the lateral osteofascial sheath include lateral calf muscles and superficial peroneal nerve. The superficial peroneal nerve originates from the common peroneal nerve and descends between the long and short fibula muscles. It branches along the way to innervate the two muscles. Its final branch reaches the junction of the middle and lower 1/3 of the calf and penetrates the deep fascia through the front edge of the long peroneus muscle. Superficial to subcutaneous, distributed on the outside of the calf and the skin of the back of the foot (except the skin of the 1st toe web and the opposite edges of the 1st and 2nd toes). When the superficial peroneal nerve is injured, it often shows that the foot cannot be turned out, and the skin in the distribution area is lacking.

2. The contents of the anterior fascia sheath include the anterior calf muscles, including the third fat osteomuscle, the anterior tibial artery, vein, and deep peroneal nerve.

(1) Anterior tibial artery: It starts from the sacroiliac artery at the lower edge of the diaphragm and passes forward through the posterior tibia and the upper edge of the interosseous membrane into the anterior region of the calf, and then descends along the front of the interosseous membrane. The upper segment runs between the tibialis anterior muscle and the long toe extensor, and the lower segment runs between the tibialis anterior muscle and the long extensor. The artery descends to the lower edge of the support band on the extensor muscle and continues as the dorsal foot artery. The anterior tibial artery is issued near the starting tibialis anterior tibialis artery. It penetrates the tibialis anterior muscle and participates in the knee arterial network. The main branch is distributed along the anterior leg muscles. The anterior tibial artery is sent down to the ankle joint, and the anterior and lateral ankle arteries are anastomosed with the medial and lateral iliac arteries, respectively, and participate in the formation of the ankle arterial network. The anterior tibial artery is accompanied by the deep peroneal nerve. From the top to the bottom, the nerve occupies the outer side of the artery, and then gradually crosses the front of the artery to the lower leg, which is located on the inner side of the artery.

(2) Anterior tibial vein: There are two branches, which accompany the two sides of the artery, and its branches have the same name as the artery.

(3) Deep peroneal nerve: It starts from the common peroneal nerve and penetrates the beginning of the peroneus longus muscle and the anterior muscle space forward and enters the anterior fascial sheath, which is accompanied by the anterior tibial blood vessel. Its muscle branches dominate the calf anterior muscles and dorsum muscles, and the cutaneous branches are distributed on the dorsal skin on the opposite sides of the first and second toes. When the deep peroneal nerve is injured, it is often manifested that the foot cannot extend back and toe.