What is involved in axon regeneration?

Axon regeneration is the process of repairing cells transmitted by a signal called neurons in the nervous system, namely their broadcast shafts called axons. Axon carries a signal over the length of the neuron to its destination, which may be muscles or other neurons. Popular culture has a common misconception that neurons cannot be repaired or regenerated, but the human body repairs axons and prolonged neurons, very common. The degree of function that returns after this repair depends on various factors, including the location of the damaged neuron in the nervous system.

The process of axon regeneration is long, but performs in a way that tries to maintain as much function as possible during repair steps. When the Axon breaks, the body of neural cells begins to produce many proteins that help again in growth. At the same time, the neurons in the area are expanding other temporary axon pieces to the intended goal of the broken axon, so they can take over at least some fun of the broken neuron when repaired. A broken axon attached to the target is then destroyed enZymy and the remaining axon attached to the rest of the neuron will grow again to the destination. Once the repaired axon is connected to the target, temporary axon pieces reaching from neighboring neurons die.

Some types of neurons may undergo successful axon regeneration better than others. Nerve damage in the peripheral nervous system, which contains all nerves outside the brain and spinal cord, can often be fully repaired by regeneration. For example, if a person suffers from nerve damage in hand or leg before injury, this damage is often repaired in time. On the other hand, damage to the nerves of the brain or spinal cord can cause significant damage that may not be fully repaired. Regeneration may fail in these areas, and therefore paralysis is often permanent.

axon regeneration may fail for three reasons in the brain and spinal cord. Neurons in the brain and spinal cord inhabit a significantly different environment than neurons in the peripheral nervous system and this environment can prevent regeAxons. Neurons in this area also have a regenerative response that is naturally weaker than in other areas of the body. A scar that is formed on axons, called a gli scar, is much more susceptible to creating in the brain and spinal cord, and this scar prevents the growth of axons. Experiments to understand these axon regeneration are taking place and future progress is likely to improve the lives of many people damaged nerves.