What is Dentate Gyrus?
Dentate gyrus is an area in the brain hippocamp. It is part of the nerve tissue group associated with the creation of certain types of memory, with the formation of and learning by learning different skills. Unlike many other neuronal types, new cells in this part of the hippocamp grow over most of the organism. In neurodegenerative diseases of Dentate Gyrus atrophy and dying contribute to the loss of memory associated with these diseases.
Hippocampus, where gyrus dentate is located, is in the cortex of many higher animals. In humans, it is on both sides of the temporal lobe, where they form circuits with other parts of the limbic system, which measure the context between memories, emotions and through the olfactory bulb. Dentate Gyrus is one of the four hippocampal areas, with the types of neurons that make them and their appropriate functions. All parts of the hippocamp are Connected on the outer brain areas by neuronal circuits spread throughout the cerebral cortex.
anatomically, dentThe gyrus contains three layers of cells. The cell granules, the most important of these neural layers, electrically shoot whenever the area is activated by entry from neighboring nerve groups. It supplies direct communication from neurons of neighboring areas of hippocamp, with the primary source of activation originating from entorhinal cortex, the central relay point for many neuronal networks that enable the consolidation of new memories and habits.
As is true during the creation of hippocampal, damage or destruction of gyrus dentate often prevents the growth of new neurons during the critical period of memory creation. Most of the laboratory research that examined this process studied spatial memory, the animal's ability to navibrane around the maze, or remember the location of the objects in the room. This is partly because rodents have been made many experimental data on the physiology of hippocampal physiology for which B was proposedLudiště. Despite the limits of rodents' models, there are also significant clinical evidence of something similar in humans, suggesting that the creation of new neurons in this area correlates with the teaching of new places and navigation back to the place for the first time.
neuronal growth, also called neurogenesis, can be interrupted by certain chemicals. Stress hormones such as cortisol are released in a time of fear and anxiety and can block the formation of new neurons in Dentate Gyrus. Alzheimer's disease causes hippocampal neuron atrophy and neurogenesis stops with the disease progress. Some research of neurodegenerative disease - and about memory loss in elderly - focuses on processes that cause or prevent neurogenesis, in the efforts of new drugs and treatment that better control them.