What is a neurotransmitter Gaba?
Gamma-aminomic acid (GABA) is a neurotransmitter, a chemical that transmits signals between cells in the brain. Neurotransmitter Gaba is mainly responsible for inhibitory signals between neurons. It also controls muscle tone and inhibits muscle contractions. At the beginning of development, Gaba plays a different role and acts as an excitation neurotransmitter.
neural cells look like trees, with branches called dendrites coming from one end and a long axon on the other side. Signals travel from dendrites to the cell body where they are added. The electrical signal called the action potential travels around the axon if the signals in the body are sufficiently strong.
neurons communicate together by sending chemical signals called neurotransmitters through the gap between the cells. The gap between the axon of one neuron and the dendritus of the other neuron is called synapse. Neurotransmitters, such as GABA, bind to receptors on the receptor of the neuron and then are reabsorbed, in a process called reuptake, transmission neuron.
When a neurotransmitter GABA binds to a receptor in the central nervous system, it has an inhibitory effect on the neuron. Gaba receptors send signals that open the gates of ion channels in the cell. These ion channels either allow positively charged potassium ions to leave the cell or negatively charged chloride ions input to the cell. Either way, the cell becomes hyperpolarized, which means it is negatively charged than the area around it. Hyperpolarization causes the cell less likely to create an action potential that will send signals to other cells.
In humans, GABA neurotransmitter is found not only in the central nervous system, but also in the peripheral nervous system. In the peripheral nervous system GABA controls muscle tone. This function also includes GABA inhibitory signals.
However,neurotransmitter GABA does not always act as an inhibitor. In early human development isIn fact, GABA is the main excitation neurotransmitter, sends signals in the cell and other cells. GABA regulates the growth of some types of stem cells.
Spastic diplegia, the type of brain palsy, is caused by problems with the neurotransmitter signaling GABA in the spinal cord and lower body. Spastic diplegia is characterized by spasticity and constant muscle voltage in the lower body. These symptoms are caused by the nerve receptors that control this part of the body cannot absorb Gaba. Without GABA signals, the muscles are constantly downloading, because there is no inhibitory signal that would not tell them.