What Is the Pubic Symphysis?
Pubic symphysis is made up of fibrous cartilage on both sides of the pubic symphysis. The suprapubic ligament and pubic arch ligament are strengthened. Some people count the pubic symphysis as a semi-joint.
- Chinese name
- Pubic symphysis
- Foreign name
- pubic symphysis
- Category
- Clinical terms
- Scope of application
- medicine
- Pubic symphysis is made up of fibrous cartilage on both sides of the pubic symphysis. The suprapubic ligament and pubic arch ligament are strengthened. Some people count the pubic symphysis as a semi-joint.
Composition and Function of Pubic Bone
- A very small joint cavity appears in the upper part of the pubic symphysis fibrocartilage until the age of 9, and is larger in women. The angle under the pubic symphysis forms an acute angle called pubic angle in males, about 70-75 °, and an obtuse angle in females, called pubic arch, with an average of 87.5 °. The ligaments around the joints are very weak, and the fibrous cartilage disc in the joint is really connected, similar to the intervertebral fibrocartilage disc, but with a very small synovial cavity without nucleus pulposus. The structural characteristics of the pubic symphysis indicate that when violent impact occurs, pubic fractures are often caused, and pubic symphysis is not easy to occur. The pubic symphysis can carry out small movements, such as rotation and displacement, and mostly move simultaneously with the sacroiliac joint and hip joint. The phenomenon of pubic symphysis can occur in late pregnancy and childbirth.
Pubic symphysis
- The suprapubic ligament attaches to the pubic condyles and pubic nodules. The subpubic ligament, also known as the arcuate ligament, is an arch-shaped thick fiber bundle that attaches to the lower branches of the pubic bone on both sides to form a round part of the pubic arch. The base is separated from the genitourinary ridge by a gap, and there is a penis (clitor) back Deep veins pass. The anterior pubic ligament is interwoven with strong fibers and is mixed with the fibers of the rectus abdominis and external oblique muscles. The posterior pubic ligament has only a few fiber bundles and is the weakest. The mass of the adult male pubic symphysis can exceed 236 kg, and the tension can be greater than the pressure, which can reach 270 kg. The pubic symphysis blood supply comes from the branches of the obturator artery, internal genital artery, inferior abdominal wall artery, and medial femoral artery. Nerves are innervated by the branches of the genital nerve and the genital nerve.
Pubic meaning
- The pubic symphysis has important clinical significance, such as inferring age and gender based on the morphological changes on the pubic symphysis. In unstable pelvic fractures, as the degree of pubic symphysis increases, the pelvic volume increases significantly. According to the pubic symphysis separation Distance can predict the amount of pelvic bleeding and guide clinical treatment; splitting the pubic symphysis and temporarily blocking the abdominal aorta can remove the pelvic wall and pelvic giant tumors; microwave irradiation of the pubic symphysis combined with the upper area to treat prostate hypertrophy. In the third trimester, the pubic symphysis is easy to separate. If not treated in time, the symptoms can last more than 8 weeks and easily cause pubic nonunion, pubic osteitis, bleeding or infection. Some specific workers, such as those who often ride tricycles, often suffer from friction and pressure on the pubic symphysis and the surrounding cushions, resulting in poor blood flow and pubic osteochondrosis, also known as pubic symphysis or pubic arthritis or non-purulent Pubic osteitis. The general public may also suffer from pubic symphysis due to impact. Therefore, it is of clinical significance to measure and observe the thickness of the pubic disc and the pubic symphysis cavity, and to record the positional relationship between the pubic symphysis and nearby organs and tissues.
Pubic bone related diseases and treatment
- 1. Relevant etiological factors of pubic symphysis include: difficult labor, rapid labor, and difficult forceps delivery; pelvic disproportion and abnormal fetal exposure; excessive abduction of the thigh or previous history of pelvic trauma during delivery; congenital Sexual development abnormalities, chondropathy; weak ligaments caused by elevated hormone levels during pregnancy.
- 2. Clinical manifestations: Pain at the pubic symphysis, which worsens during movement, and some patients will experience pain in the back and groin area. Examination of the upper part of the pubic symphysis has obvious fixed tenderness. The widened gap can be touched at the pubic symphysis, and pelvic compression -Separation test is positive; B-ultrasound can confirm the diagnosis when the pubic symphysis distance exceeds 10mm.
- 3. Treatment; Improper separation and treatment of the pubic bone will directly affect the pelvic biomechanical function and lower limb walking, resulting in disability. Traditionally, conservative treatments have been used for pubic symphysis separation, such as the use of pelvic pockets and pelvic suspensions. Many people also use external fixators.
- 4. Except for prevention of congenital developmental factors of the pelvis and ligaments. If the maternal pubic symphysis can be detected in time, a clear diagnosis, and early treatment, the prognosis is good. Measures to prevent pubic symphysis include a balanced diet during pregnancy to control fetal weight and reduce the incidence of babies; avoid standing too long in the third trimester; if the estimated fetal weight is 4000g, relax the indication for cesarean section; prevent contractions during delivery Too strong and the fetal head is falling too fast; midwifery personnel should not forcefully press the thighs of both sides of the mother during delivery, while avoiding excessive abduction of the thigh; vaginal midwifery with a large fetal head and a certain degree of difficulty should not be violently operated.