What is a dissociation constant?

The dissociation constant is a measure of how the mixture is easily divided into ions when it is added to the solvent. Compounds that have a high dissociation constant prefer the right side of the balance, ie the formation of ions. The most common use of disco constants is to determine the force of acids and bases in aqueous solutions. When adding to the water, the acid compound will easily ionize and donate a positively charged atom of hydrogen or proton. The power of the formed acid is related to the stability of the ion formed when the hydrogen atom is donated.

General HA formula will dissociate in water as described in HA + H _{2 o -> + + and - Aq. It is also called Proton, A and ^{- is a negative ion created when the proton is donated. The constant of dissociation k and is equal [h +}}

] [A -]/[ha] where square holders indicate KOncentration of the respective compounds or ions. Strong acids prefer the right of this equation and weak acids, such as acetic acid, will only be dissolved slightly, which means that they prefer the left side of the equation.

When adding to the water, the hydrochloric chloride easily dissociates to form hydrochloric acid. The value of the _{and for hydrochloric acid is between 10 6 moths per liter and 10 7 mole per liter. This means that there will be hundreds of thousands of other ions in the hydrochloric acid than the non -inseparable molecules. Measurement of concentration of hydrogen ions in solution is another method of measurement of acid force. This is called Potenz (PH) and is given by the pH = -log 10 Strong acid solutions with a high concentration of H ^{+ have a low pH.}}

water also has acidic properties, albeit much less than hydrochloric acid or even toYselin acetic. The electrical conductivity of the solution depends on the presence of ions in this solution, so that the strength of the acid can be determined by measuring its conductivity by electrodes. It follows that a completely clean, distilled water should be non -conductive, but it is not. This is because the water will be self -established to form hydrogen and hydroxide ions. This dissociation is very weak and is called an ionic product of water, to _{w .}

There are analogous relationship constants to describe the power of bases. General base, B, causes water dissociation to create BH + and OH -

hydroxide ions. The power of this base is given by the basic constant of dissociation constant. The power of the base depends on the stability of the ion BH +. Sodium or potassium hydroxide forms a highly stable base and therefore have high values ​​for K b .