What is a low orbit?

Low orbit Earth is orbit from about 100 to 1240 miles (160-2000 km) above the Earth's surface. Almost all human cosmic flights took place in the low orbit of the Earth, with several remarkable exceptions. A large number of satellites are also in the low orbit of the country as well as the international space station.

In fact, what many people think like space from photos is still well in the low orbit of the Earth. The Earth's orbit itself is roughly contained in the innermost radiation belt van Allen, which holds the Earth's geomagnetic field in place. Between the low orbit of the Earth and the van Allen belt, it overlaps with some satellites located in the belt. In fact, the van Allen radiation belt itself is a problem with satellite operation, as the satellites must be protected from a high energy level present. There is a proposal to significantly exhaust energy from this belt, reducing the amount of shielding that would be necessary, as well as the danger for humanou being by the level of energy.

There is a significant amount of campaign developed on objects in low orbit of the Earth, depending on their altitude. Under about 310 miles (500 km), objects are located in the thermosphere, while above this height are in the exosphere. Different gases are present in both, which develop a thrust on satellites, requires to spend some energy to remain in orbit. Since this resistance increases as the altitude decreases, it is not common for objects to be located at less than about 185 miles (300 km) high.

A number of different human objects are located in the low orbit of the Earth, from different time periods. The most remarkable of these is probably the international space station, located around 200 miles (320 km) above the Earth's surface, well in the thermosphere. The international space station is regularly visited by a shuttle, Soyuz SpaceCraft, automatedTransport vehicle and spacecraft for progress, all of which are only involved in low low -country orbit missions.

2 Starting the satellite into the low orbit of the Earth requires much less energy than its release into space and the equipment needed to send the signal back to the ground can be much less strong. For these reasons, low -orbit satellites are still widely used, although they cannot remain on one part of the planet in the way the geostationary satellites in space can be found. Debris also captures the low orbit of the Earth, while currently watching about 8,500 objects larger than 10 cm. These debris represent a threat to satellites and missions, as even small objects that travel at this speed can cause huge damage.

For all human activity in space, the surprisingly small amount of the Earth's orbit. The amount of energy needed to bring the vehicle outside this orbit is huge and the return may be complex, which fromIt causes flights to the crew especially. The Apollo program, which eventually sent a man to a lunar surface, is probably the most famous program that sends people outside the low orbit, and since then only a handful of other vehicles with the crew have passed through the barrier.