What is an actin antibody?
actin is a globular protein found in all higher organisms. It creates a significant part of the cytoskeleton - or the spine of the cell - and is involved in the movement of the cells. Antibodies are the reactions of the immune system to the antigen, which is generally a foreign object. Each individual organism can have millions of antibodies that respond against different antigens. In some cases, such as autoimmune disease, the body generates antibodies against its own cellular components. Its active form is fibers . In this way, it forms a part of the cytoskeleton and participates in the help of cells and muscles. There are three main groups in vertebrate cells - alpha, beta and gamma. Alfa acts are usually found in a muscle. In most types of cells there are beta and gamma actins.S into two categories of interest. The first consists of antibodies produced in animals to be used in laboratory research. The second category is an autoimmune disease in which an anti-actin antibody is produced by humans.
An example of the second category is a smooth muscle antibody . The presence of this type of human antibody is characteristic of people with autoimmune diseases of the type I, chronic liver disorder. Its presence is used as part of the diagnosis of the disease. Patients with hepatitis also have smooth muscle antibodies. These types of antibodies are directed against the type of alpha actin, known as the actin of the smooth muscles.
Another autoimmune disorder associated with the actin antibody is celiac disease. It has been found that the presence of these antibodies in the blood reliably correlates with the intestine damage in these patients. Celiac disease is caused by reaction for gluten protein in wheat, which disrupts the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine.
Experimentally, an actin antibody is often used as a control of experiments using antibodies. Since actin is so structurally similar among species, you can be quite surethat an actin antibody of one species will react with the other. Beta load checks ensure that the same amount of sample has been applied in each strip of protein gel. This is used during electrophoresis in which one separates the proteins by running the electric current by gel. The proteins are then transferred to the membrane and probe antibodies in what is called the Western Blot .
fluorescent actin antibodies are used in many experiments with biological biology that study the movement of actin in the cytoskeleton and in internal cellular structures such as vesicles. Such actin antibodies can be monitored by specialized microscopy known as immunophluozenable microscopy . Because so many cell activities require actin, these types of experiments are performed in a number of disciplines in cell biology.