What is a cell cycle analysis?
cell cycle analysis is a technique used in biochemical research to identify and analyze the phase of biological cell. During his life, the cell passes through a number of cyclic phases that are collectively known as the cell cycle. The amount of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the cell changes on the basis of phase. When analyzing the cell cycle, the DNA cells are colored by fluorescent dye, allowing scientists to determine how much DNA is present and where the cell is in its cycle. The interphase consists of preparation for division of cells or mitosis, which is also called M phase. Most of the cell life cycle is devoted to preparing for mitosis, which is short compared to the interifase is divided into three parts: phase G1, phase S and phase G2.
In G1, the cell mainly concerns growth. During the S phase, the genetic information of the cell in the form of DNA is renacled to prepare for its division into two daughter cells. In G2, the cell is preparing for division, which leads to the M. After mitosis, the cell returns to part of G1 interifase and the cycle begins with ZNovu. Cells that for some reason cease to divide, leave the cycle and exist inertly in the so -called G0 phase.
The cell replicates its DNA during the S phase, so in the cell it is twice as much DNA during G2 and M. Scientists use this information in the analysis of the cell cycle to determine the cell phase. Cell cycle analysis can also detect abnormalities in cell DNA.
The technique used in the analysis of the cell cycle is known as flow cytometry. First, a fluorescent dye is introduced into the cell, which spots the DNA molecules chemically by binding to them. Scientists then use a tool called cytometer to determine the intensiflorescence of cells. Higher fluorescence shows that more dyes could be tied and shows that there is more DNA in the cell.
The cell cycle analysis is usually used to group cells. From the data is generated a type of graph called histogram, often showing two different peaks: one that uIt spoils the cells of cells in the G1 phase and others - twice as high - showing those in the G2 phase. The G2 phase is twice high because the cells in this population contain twice the amount of DNA as a cell on top of the G1. The cells that are in the S phase that are still in the DNA replication process are displayed on the medium level graph between the two peaks.