What Does a Batch Maker Do?

Batch files. On DOS and Windows (any) systems, .bat files are executable files that consist of a series of commands that can contain calls to other programs. Each line of this file is a DOS command (most of the time it is like the command line we execute at the DOS prompt). You can use any text file editing tools such as Edit under DOS or notepad for Windows. Create and modify batch files.

bat

(Batch file type)

You can control the flow of commands through conditional statements (if) and flow control statements (goto), and can also be used in batch processing

C: AUTOEXEC.BAT under the root directory

Simply put, the role of batch processing is to automatically execute multiple commands continuously.

Here is the simplest application: When starting the wps software, it must be executed each time (> the previous content means the DOS prompt):

C: \> cd wps

C: \ WPS> spdos

C: \ WPS> py

C: \ WPS> wbx

C: \ WPS> wps

If you do this every time before using WPS, do you find it troublesome?

Alright, use

The expression of the parameters in the batch is% 0,% 1,% 2 ....% 9, and all parameters% * (excluding% 0)

The initial amount of% 0 is the path of the batch itself, similar to% ~ f0

Generally you can only take the first nine parameters, unless you use% *

shift command allows you to get the following parameters

Format: shift [/ n]

n is a number from 1 to 8

Shift will change% 0 to% 1,% 1 to% 2 ...% 9 becomes the original 10th parameter (not recommended)

Generally use shift / 1, it will be replaced from% 1 and the original% 0 will be retained.

Note: The parameters are also available when calling the tag, and the parameters will change back to the original when returning

example:

@echo off

call: label arg1 arg2

echo% 1

:: will show that the echo is turned on

echo% 2

exit

:label

echo% 1

:: arg1 is displayed

echo% 2

:: arg2 is displayed

exit / b

ECHO

Display information, or turn command echo on or off.

ECHO [ON | OFF]

ECHO [message]

To display the current echo setting, type ECHO without parameters.

backup

0 Backup succeeded

1 No backup files found

2File sharing conflict prevents backup from completing

3User aborts backup with ctrl-c

4 Abort of backup operation due to fatal error

diskcomp

0 sets are the same

1 set is different

2 The user aborted the comparison operation via ctrl-c

3 Comparison operation aborted due to fatal error

4 Preset error aborts comparison

diskcopy

0 Disk copy operation succeeded

1 Non-fatal disk read / write error

2 The user ends the copy operation through ctrl-c

3 Disk copy aborted due to fatal processing error

4Preset error prevents copy operation

format

0 Formatted successfully

3 user aborts formatting via ctrl-c

4 Formatting aborted due to fatal processing error

5 At the prompt "proceed with format (y / n)?", The user types n to end

xcopy

0 file copied successfully

1 Copy file not found

2 The user aborted the copy operation via ctrl-c

4 Preset error prevents file copy operation

5 Disk write error during copying

@ -Hide command

Turning on echo off can have the effect of hiding commands, and @ can also have this effect, but you need to add one in front of each command ...

&&, || -Judgment

Remember to use if errorlevel to judge the success of the command? && and || can also have this effect, && means that the previous command is executed after the success of the command, and vice versa

example:

@echo; >>% SystemRoot% \ system32 \ test.txt && echo succeeded! || echo failed

@pause> nul

| -Pipeline

Send the result of the previous command execution to the next command

example:

@echo Hello | find "you"

@tasklist | find "exe"

& -Line break

Can write several commands on the same line

example:

@echo 123 & @ echo 456

pause> nul

^ -Branch and escape character

1.Branch <br You can write a command in multiple lines

example:

@echo 1 ^

2 ^

3 ^

4

@pause> nul

Copy the above command, what is the execution result? This is what the line breaks do

2. Escape

When we try to output an &, we will find that it cannot output ... because it is treated as a line break.

At this time, you must ask for the escape character ^, which can deprive the special status of the first symbol behind and become an ordinary symbol (this is actually a very magical function, the reason why it is magical ... not detailed)

example:

@echo ^ &

@pause> nul

This outputs &

In addition, when the a variable exists (set / pa = or set a = was assigned to a), you want to output% a%. First, you can use the escape character ^, you can also:

echo %% a %%

In this way, the two percent signs can be identified as one, which plays an escape function.

There are some special cases that do not need to be escaped:

echo "0000 | 000"

It can be escaped by quotation marks, including set "a = a value", etc.

But special cases such as the escape character when getting% 1 are difficult to handle, and there is no way to quote

*,?-Wildcard

What is a wildcard? For example, * .jpg means all jpg, * means all files. Now do you understand? What is the use of "?"? ? .jpg only means that there is only one jpg file with a file name, such as 1.jpg

() -Enclosed

Enclosed statements are a whole

>, >>, <-redirect

Please note here: You must add spaces before the redirection symbols ">" and ">>" just in case, because Batch is not unique, it can be used normally without spaces. But you must add spaces in daily use, otherwise the chances of failure are very high, either you cannot create / output, or the file is empty.

Please do not use incorrect usage without adding spaces!

echo 123 >> one.txt

Can output 123 to append to one.txt

echo 123> one.txt

Can output 123 to overwrite the original content in one.txt

nul is a reserved word in the system, so> nul will not be output to any file, which can have the effect of hiding the command execution

2> nul can have the effect of hiding the result of failed command execution

<You can read data from a file into a command, but this command has to wait for user input

example:

@echo off

echo 123 >> 00.txt

set / p num = <00.txt

echo number is% num%

pause> nul

Some commands require more than one> nul. To connect, you need:> nul 2> nul and so on.

If there is a number before it, you need to add a space

ping> nul 2> nul

= 1> nul 2> nul ping

= ping> nul 2> & 1 .... X> & 2 X> & 2 X> & 3 etc.

nul refers to an empty device, which is simply to hide the output.

2> & 1 3> & 2 can go straight down, & 1 & 2 refers to the first, second, etc.

Similar to the C language, batch processing also has its statement structure. The batch statement structure mainly has

Well, let's start with a few practical ones.

Clean up trash

The command code is as follows:

@echo off

echo is removing system junk files, please wait ...

del / f / s / q% systemdrive% \ *. tmp

del / f / s / q% systemdrive% \ * ._ mp

del / f / s / q% systemdrive% \ *. log

del / f / s / q% systemdrive% \ *. gid

del / f / s / q% systemdrive% \ *. chk

del / f / s / q% systemdrive% \ *. old

del / f / s / q% systemdrive% \ recycled \ *. *

del / f / s / q% windir% \ *. bak

del / f / s / q% windir% \ prefetch \ *. *

rd / s / q% windir% \ temp & md% windir% \ temp

del / f / q% userprofile% \ cookies \ *. *

del / f / q% userprofile% \ recent \ *. *

del / f / s / q "% userprofile% \ Local Settings \ Temporary Internet Files \ *. *"

del / f / s / q "% userprofile% \ Local Settings \ Temp \ *. *"

del / f / s / q "% userprofile% \ recent \ *. *"

echo Clear system junk files is complete!

pause

Network settings

@echo off

:: Judgment

Batch development tools

There are many circulating on the Internet at present, I only recommend two

iBAT (2 photos)

1.iBAT

As of 2014.8.9 this tool is still being updated, the first impression-simplicity!

2.BatProject + DebugBatch

These are actually two tools, but their developers are the same person. These two tools gave me the first impression-powerful! It is the best choice for debugging errors, but because it is too powerful, especially DebugBatch The method injected into the process is used for debugging.You can modify variables halfway and suspend execution, so killing software will report poison.

Third party

Pure batch processing is not a panacea, and the built-in third party in the system is far from satisfying our needs (if you will debug, I will not say it), so we need various third parties to make our batch processing more powerful. There is a third-party collection post in the batch processing house, which collects many third parties. If there are friends who need it, you can go there to find out. Next, I introduce a few third parties.

DebugBatch

Tmos.exe-command line with mouse

Image.exe-display pictures to the command line

CAPI-Batch calling system API, it can't be more powerful