What Is a Pedagogical Project?

The project teaching method is that under the guidance of the teacher, a relatively independent project is left to the students to handle. The collection of information, the design of the plan, the implementation of the project, and the final evaluation are all the responsibility of the students themselves. Through the project, students understand And grasp the basic requirements of the entire process and every link. The most prominent feature of the "project teaching method" is that "the project is the main line, the teacher is the guide, and the student is the main body", which is specifically manifested in: the multiplicity of goal orientation; short training cycle, quick results; good controllability; focus on theory and Combination of practice. Project teaching method is a teaching method in which teachers and students complete projects together and make progress together.

Chinese name: Project teaching method

Applied discipline: psychology

Basic meaning of project teaching method

Interdisciplinary courses are also known as project-based teaching methods, which are taught in the form of "projects". In order for students to get used to a complete way of solving problems, the "project" set up contains knowledge of multiple courses. The project teaching method is to hand over a relatively independent project to the students themselves under the guidance of the teacher. The collection of information, the design of the scheme, the implementation of the project, and the final evaluation are all the responsibility of the students themselves. And grasp the basic requirements of the entire process and every link.

The project teaching method advocates training before speaking, learning after teaching, emphasizing students 'autonomous learning and active participation. Starting from trials, starting from practice, mobilizing students' initiative, creativity, and enthusiasm. Students sing "protagonists", and The teacher turned into a "supporting role", realizing the change of role of the teacher, which is conducive to strengthening the cultivation of students' self-learning ability and innovation ability. The author has conducted tentative research and practice on project teaching methods in various aspects, and has also achieved certain results. ^[1]

History of Project Pedagogy

The project teaching method sprouts from the European labor education thoughts. The earliest embryonic forms were work-based education in Europe in the 18th century and cooperative education in the United States in the 19th century. After the development to the middle and late 20th century, it gradually improved and became an important trend of theory. The project education model is a form of modern education based on the industrial society and the information society. It focuses on the integration of large-scale production and sociality to socialize the educated and adapt the educated to modern productivity and The social reality and development that unite production relations are for the purpose, that is, a talent training model for the direct purpose of cultivating practical talents for society.

Theoretical basis of project teaching method

Since the 1990s, curriculum reform in various countries around the world has regarded the transformation of learning methods as an important content. Europe and the United States have advocated "thematic inquiry" and "design learning" activities. Japan has set up a "comprehensive learning time" in the new curriculum system. Article 9 of the "Ten Major Abilities" in the new curriculum system in Taiwan, China stipulates "inspiring the spirit of active inquiry and research", and Article 10 stipulates "cultivating the ability to think independently and solve problems". The current curriculum reform in the Mainland of China emphasizes the transformation of learning methods, setting up research-based learning, changing the learning method in which students simply and passively accept teachers' knowledge transmission, constructing open learning links, providing students with multiple channels to acquire knowledge and integrating their knowledge Opportunities for comprehensive application.

In July 2003, the German Federal Vocational Education Institute formulated an action-oriented project teaching method. It has the characteristics of decomposing the entire learning process into specific projects or events, designing a project teaching plan, and designing according to the action loop. Teaching ideas, not only impart theoretical knowledge and operational skills to students, but more importantly, cultivate their professional ability. The ability here is not only the knowledge ability or professional ability, but also the ability to solve problems: method ability, acceptance The ability to learn new knowledge and the ability to collaborate with others and carry out project actions (including project negotiation, quotation, contract formulation, contract signing, production organization, and after-sales service).

Project teaching core

No longer pass the ready-made knowledge and skills mastered by the teacher to the students as the goal of pursuit, or rather let the students get a result in accordance with the teacher's arrangements and teaching, but under the guidance of the teacher, the students look for the results Approach, and finally get the result, and display and self-evaluation. The focus of learning is on the learning process rather than the learning results. They exercise various abilities in the process. Teachers are no longer the main body in teaching, but have become the guides, mentors and supervisors in the learning process of students. Students have 90% enthusiasm.

Project teaching method general process

(1) Collect user information, find buyers, contact users, and conduct contract analysis. (2) Make a contract plan, make a quotation, and issue a contract. (3) Implementation contract: making process sketches, physical diagrams, control circuit diagrams, and forming products. (4) Inspection: Teacher instructs students to complete. (5) Evaluate and prepare for the next project.

Project Teaching Method

In project teaching, the learning process becomes a creative and practical activity that everyone participates in. The focus is not on the final result, but on the process of completing the project. In the project practice process, students understand and grasp the knowledge and skills required by the curriculum, experience the hardships and fun of innovation, and cultivate the thinking and methods of analyzing and solving problems. Taking mold design and manufacturing course teaching as an example, students can complete production processes such as mold design, processing production, and product quality inspection through certain projects, and learn and master mechanical principles, material handling, manufacturing processes, and the use of various machine tools. operating. It is also possible to further organize students from different professions and types of work, and even different vocational fields to participate in project teaching groups, through practical operations, to train their ability to coordinate and cooperate with colleagues in different professions and departments in actual work. ^[1]

Project teaching method characteristics

The most prominent feature of the "project teaching method" is that "the project is the main line, the teacher is the guide, and the students are the main body." It has changed the passive teaching mode of "teachers speaking, students listening", and has created students' active participation, autonomous collaboration and exploration Innovative new teaching mode. ^[2]

1. Multiple goals. For students, by changing the way of learning, in a proactive learning environment, it stimulates curiosity and creativity, and cultivates the ability to analyze and solve practical problems. For teachers, through the guidance of students, change education concepts and teaching methods, from a simple knowledge transmitter to a facilitator, organizer and mentor of student learning. For schools, establish a new curriculum concept, improve the school's school thinking and school goals, and through the implementation of project teaching methods, explore innovations in organizational form, activity content, management characteristics, assessment and support conditions, and gradually improve and reintegrate the school curriculum structure.

2. The training period is short and the effect is fast. Project teaching methods are usually conducted in a short period of time and within a relatively limited space, and the teaching effect is measurable.

3. Good controllability. The project teaching method involves the participation of students and teachers, and the students' activities are guided by the teacher throughout the process, which is conducive for students to concentrate on practicing their skills.

4. Pay attention to the combination of theory and practice. To complete a project, it must involve how to do it. This requires students to start from the principle, analyze the project and customize the process based on the principle. And the results of the practice ask students: Is this the case? Is it the same as the book says?

Project teaching method promotion

In the specific practice of the project teaching method, the role of the teacher is no longer an encyclopedia or a database for students to use, but a guide and consultant. He helps students move quickly on the road of independent research, and guides students how to discover new knowledge and master new content in practice. Students, as the main body of learning, organically combine theory and practice by independently completing projects, which not only improves the theoretical level and practical skills, but also cultivates comprehensive capabilities such as cooperation and problem solving under the guidance of teachers. At the same time, in the process of observing and helping students, teachers have broadened their horizons and improved their professional standards. It can be said that the project teaching method is a teaching method in which teachers and students complete projects together and make progress together. In vocational schools and vocational education, the project teaching method has its unique advantages. It should be further summarized and improved and vigorously promoted on a trial basis. ^[3]