What Is a Generic Security?

General technology (referred to as GT) in the senior high school curriculum refers to technologies other than information technology. It is a broader technology that reflects basicity and generality and is different from professional technology. It is widely used in daily life and has a great impact on the development of students. Technology that widely migrates value.

common technology

General high school general technology textbook "

(1) Pay attention to the development of all students, and focus on improving students 'technical literacy. The technical courses at the ordinary high school stage belong to the field of general education. Education is aimed at improving students' technical literacy. The general technology course must be open to all students, and each student must provide opportunities and conditions to expand the technical education learning experience and exercise the right to education. We must fully consider the differences in high school students' interests, life experiences, regional characteristics, cultural backgrounds, etc., and encourage diversity and selectivity in curriculum, teaching materials, teaching and evaluation, etc. to meet the different needs of different students and promote students. Personality development.
General technical courses should avoid mechanical and single skills training, emphasize the unity of the three aspects of students' skills formation, mastery of thinking methods and cultural understanding in the study, and focus on expanding students' technical abilities while promoting the development of students' common abilities .

(II) Focus on the development of students 'creative potential and strengthen the cultivation of students' practical ability. High school students are at an important stage of creative development, and their imagination, logical thinking ability and critical spirit have reached a new level. In the learning activities, students should be encouraged to imagine, doubt, and criticize, and to create a democratic, active, and enterprising learning atmosphere; the content carrier of general technology courses should be fully utilized to cultivate students 'learning interest and stimulate students' creative desire; technology should be adopted Activities such as design and technical experimentation cultivate students' inquiry abilities and the spirit and courage to be creative and creative, so that their creative potential can be well guided and effectively developed, and their practical abilities can be further developed.

(3) Based on the vision of science, technology and society, to strengthen the education of humanities in contemporary society, the relationship between technology and science and society is getting closer and closer. The general technology course should enable students to understand the connection and difference between technology and science, as well as their important role in social development and human life through specific technical practices, in order to deepen students' understanding and open up their horizons. At the same time, attention should be paid to integrating the rich human factors contained in technology into the teaching of technical courses, so as to nourish students' hearts and enhance their cultural taste and humanities.

(4) Closely linking with students' real life, and strive to reflect the continuous development and change of advanced technology and advanced cultural technology, which has a distinctive mark of the times. The general technology curriculum should be closely related to the students 'actual choice of course content. While paying attention to the basic and general nature of the course content, pay attention to its advanced nature. Attention should be paid to changing from the technical content of students' real life contact to modern technology and high technology. Extension, so that students have the opportunity to understand the new achievements and future trends of technological development in modern industrial and agricultural production and daily life; students should have the opportunity to access the latest development results and technologies they can understand while mastering the basic knowledge and basic skills Information, so as to appreciate the inherent motivation and cultural significance of technological development, and enhance understanding of contemporary advanced technology and its culture.

(5) Enriching the student's learning process and advocating diversified learning methods The technical learning process of students should be a process of actively constructing knowledge and continuously expanding their abilities, as well as a process of vitality, inquiry, and activity. In this process, students are the subjects of learning, teachers are guides, helpers, and close friends of students. In the course of implementing the curriculum, students 'actual learning activities should be carefully designed and organized. Students should be guided to adopt a variety of studies such as autonomous learning, cooperative learning, and online learning based on the students' physical and mental development laws and technical learning characteristics. Methods to promote the improvement of students' inquiry abilities, the formation of positive emotional attitudes and values, and the development of lifelong learning abilities.

(I) Educational value of this module

"Technology and Design 1" is a course content that all high school students must study, and it is also an introduction module for general high school technology learning. Together with "Technology and Design 2", it provides the necessary foundation for subsequent elective courses and sets the minimum technical literacy level that must be achieved for high school graduates.

(B) the significance of the content of this module

"Technology and Design 2" includes 4 themes: "Technology and its Properties", "Design Process", "Design Communication", "Design Evaluation"

1. Technology and its properties

This topic emphasizes the basic knowledge that students should have about technology, so that students know what technology is and the various issues related to technology as a whole.

2.Design process

The design in this topic is based on product design. From the discovery of the problem, through the formulation of the design plan, the production of the prototype and model, and the optimization of the plan, until the final plan is determined, a complete design process is formed.

This section roughly divides the design process into 5 stages: a. Discover and clarify problems ; b. Develop a design plan ; c. Make a model or prototype ; d. Optimize the plan ; e. Use the product This is a common process, but it is not a prescribed procedure. In the design process of practice, this order may change or iterative.

3.Design communication,

This topic emphasizes:

(1) In the design process and after the design is completed, the design ideas and results can be exchanged with others in an appropriate way, and valuable information can be extracted in the exchange.

(2) Understand the types of technical languages and their applications, can read common technical drawings such as general machining drawings, circuit diagrams, and effect drawings, and can draw sketches and simple three views.

4. Evaluation of design

This topic emphasizes:

(1) Can be evaluated according to the requirements of each stage in the design process, and establish quality management awareness.

(2) Can carry out simple technical tests as needed, evaluate them, and write test reports.

(3) Able to evaluate the design process and final product according to design requirements, and write a design summary report

(4) Be able to make his own evaluation of others' existing technology products and write a more comprehensive evaluation report.

Through the design of communication and evaluation, students should be able to:

(1) Learn to design multiple expressions, especially the application of technical language.

(2) Learn how to evaluate yourself, others, or existing technology products and processes, improve your ability to make choices and decisions, and cultivate a sense of quality and a sense of excellence and continuous improvement.

5. Analysis of textbook characteristics

According to the requirements of the "Course Standards", this textbook integrates the four topics of "Technology and Design 1": technology and its nature, design process, design communication, and design evaluation into five chapters.

Technology and Design 1

The first chapter goes into the technical world. Including "Technology originates from human needs and desires", "Technology invention and innovation", "Technology requires comprehensive knowledge", "Dual aspects of technology application", "Intellectual property and its protection" five sections.

The second chapter steps into the design hall. Including "unveiling the veil of design", "basic principles of design", "the relationship between design and technology".

The third chapter is experience design practice. Including "determining design issues", "making a design plan", "design expression and communication" three sections.

The fourth chapter shows the design results. Including "materials", "tools and equipment common sense", "craftsmanship common sense", "prototype and model making" four sections.

Chapter 5 creates new ideas for design. Including "how to achieve innovative design", "cognitive technology test", "evaluation, optimized design", "writing product manuals" four sections.

two. Difference between general technology and labor technology course

The teaching purpose of the labor and technology class is to cultivate students' labor perspective, labor attitude, and labor habits, and focus on teaching students a certain basic skills, such as repairing motorcycles, carpenters, etc.

General technical education is not only different from vocational and technical education that specializes in one skill, but also different from traditional labor and technology courses that emphasize the moral education function of labor plus skill training. It should cultivate students' innovative spirit and practical ability, and improve their technical literacy. Its content needs to be modernized and needs to be in line with the technical education of developed countries in the world. The "General Technology" course is a course based on practice, focusing on creativity, high integration, and integration of science and humanities.

Why Learn "General Technology"

With the rapid development of science and technology, technology has increasingly become an almost ubiquitous, ubiquitous objective existence in our lives, and has become an important factor in social development and progress. Therefore, technical literacy is the basic literacy of contemporary youth, and the general technical course is a course that everyone in ordinary high school must take.

International situation and China's status

1) The international community generally believes that technical education is an education for the basic literacy of members of the future society, an education that develops people's potential and promotes the development of people's thinking, and an education that everyone must accept and experience. A report on "Learning: The Inner Wealth" published by the UNESCO International Education Commission for the 21st Century in 1996. The report established that the purpose of future-oriented lifelong education is "the four basic learnings", that is, "learning cognition", "learning "Doing things", "learning to live together" and "learning to survive"; "learning to do things" and developing practical abilities are not just familiar with certain operating skills and certain repetitive and inconvenient practice methods; under future industrial conditions, "learning to do things" It means moving from "qualification concept" to "competence concept".

2) Technology courses have been offered in other countries at an earlier time. For example, there are four major types of labor technology settings in German secondary schools: technology, economics, housekeeping, and occupation. In April 1989, the Australian Education Council proposed Australia Four of the top ten goals of education involve strengthening labor and technology education. The curriculum standards in the US states have designed specific and different types of comprehensive practical activities courses, mainly technology and design learning; the United Kingdom opened design technology Students are required to use their hands and brains. Since the Second World War, Japan has put forward the slogan of "technology-based nation" and developed it into a slogan of "technology-based innovation." Ethics courses are counted as credits; Canada has basic skills, life skills, and home economics as compulsory high school courses, as well as elective courses.

"General Technology" and Capability Development

How to learn "General Technology"

(A) the characteristics of general high school general technology courses

A practice-based course

General technology is based on the direct experience and personal experience of students, based on "learning by doing" and "learning by doing". It is based on the student's personal experience, hands-on operation, and personal experience. It emphasizes the full participation and participation of students. Each learner gains a rich operational experience through activities such as observation, survey, design, production, and experimentation, and then develops emotional attitudes, values, and technical skills.

2. A highly integrated course

General technology is highly comprehensive and transcends the discipline system. It emphasizes the connection and comprehensive use of knowledge in various disciplines and aspects. During the study, students must not only comprehensively use the knowledge of existing subjects such as Chinese, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, history, society, art, etc., but also integrate the consciousness of economy, law, ethics, psychology, environmental protection, and aesthetics. Students' technical learning activities are not only the comprehensive use of existing knowledge and skills, but also the comprehensive learning of new knowledge and abilities.

3. A curriculum focused on creativity

The essence of technology is creation, and general technology is a course with creation as its core. It provides a broad stage for students to demonstrate creativity through the acquisition, processing, management, expression and exchange of information, through the design, production and evaluation of technology, through the application of technical ideas and methods, and the solution of practical problems. Important carrier and effective way of spiritual and practical ability.

4. A course integrating science and humanities

Technology is a form of accumulation of human cultural wealth. While any technology condenses certain principles and methods, embodies scientificity, it also carries rich cultural information and reflects certain humanistic characteristics. General technology should not only use the inherent mystery, creativity, and unique power of technology to attract students' participation, but also use the artistic sense, culture, and moral responsibility of technology to impress students.

(2) Course structure and credits

Compulsory Module: "Technology and Design 1" (2 credits)

Technology and Design 2 (2 credits)

Elective Module: Electronic Control Technology (2 credits)

Architecture and Design (2 credits)

Simple Robot Production (2 credits)

Modern Agricultural Technology (2 credits)

Housekeeping and Living Technology (2 credits)

Clothing and Design (2 credits)

Car Driving and Maintenance (2 credits)

Suggested Elective Modules:

Complete the required 2 modules and earn 4 credits as the minimum requirement for high school graduation. On this basis, students can take elective modules based on their own interests and the needs of future employment or further studies. Jianyi students with an engineering or agricultural orientation will obtain at least 4 credits after obtaining the required 4 credits, that is, 8 credits in total.

(3) How to evaluate credits

Process evaluation: participation, operation, attendance, discussion, debate, assignment, work (design and operation), examination, etc.

Summative evaluation: work design, operation practice, examination; (School implements credit recognition scheme for general technology);

Participation level, attendance 20%, homework 20%, work 20%, exam 40%

(4) How to learn this course?

Learn to read directories and introductions

Table of contents ---- overview the book, understand the overall structure and content of the book;

Introduction ---- you can know the main spirit, thoughts and methods of this book;

Learning methods: 1. Use good textbooks; 2. Take a variety of learning methods. Self-directed learning, cooperative learning, online learning, etc .; 3. Think actively and strive for more hands-on.

Clear learning goals, learning directions, and make psychological preparations. By asking questions, task-driven, case study, communication, technical practice, autonomy, cooperation, and inquiry learning methods, guide students to analyze and summarize the cases in life, learning and society, so that students deepen their understanding of learning content. This resulted in a keen interest and a thirst for knowledge in general technology courses

V. General technology involves the following aspects:

Technology and Design 1

Technology and Design 2

Electronic control technology

Simple robot production

Car driving and maintenance

Clothing and its design

Housekeeping and Living Technology

Architecture and Design

Modern agricultural technology

Six. General technical teacher job requirements:

1. Capable of physics teaching and physics experimenter work