What are the Different Types of Cholesterol?

Cholesterol is also called cholesterol. A derivative of cyclopentane polyphenanthrene. Cholesterol was found in gallstones as early as the 18th century. In 1816, the chemist Benschel named this lipid-like substance cholesterol. Cholesterol is widely present in animals, especially in brain and nervous tissues, and is also high in kidney, spleen, skin, liver and bile. Its solubility is similar to that of fat. It is insoluble in water and easily soluble in solvents such as ether and chloroform. Cholesterol is an indispensable and important substance for animal tissue cells. It is not only involved in the formation of cell membranes, but also a raw material for the synthesis of bile acids, vitamin D and steroid hormones. Cholesterol can be metabolized into bile acids, steroid hormones, and 7-dehydrocholesterol, and 7-dehydrocholesterol can be converted to vitamin D3 by ultraviolet radiation, so cholesterol is not a harmful substance to the human body.

Cholesterol is also an important indicator of clinical biochemical examination. Under normal circumstances, the cholesterol synthesized by the body in the liver and taken from food will be converted into steroid hormones or become a component of the cell membrane, and the concentration of cholesterol in the blood will be kept constant. . When the liver is severely diseased, cholesterol levels decrease. In patients with jaundice obstruction and nephrotic syndrome, cholesterol levels tend to rise. ^[2]

Cholesterol mainly comes from the body's own synthesis, and cholesterol in food is a secondary supplement. For example, a 70kg adult has about 140g of cholesterol in the body and updates about 1g daily. Of this, 4/5 is metabolized in the body, and only 1/5 needs to be supplemented from food. Each person consumes 200mg of cholesterol from food every day, that is Can meet the needs of the body. Cholesterol

Chinese alias: Cholesterol; (3) -cholest-5-en-3-ol; Cholester-5-en-3-ol; Cholesterol; Isooctenol; Cholesterol; Cholesterol; Bile Sterol

English name: Cholesterol

English alias: 5-Cholesten-3beta-ol; cholesterol from lanolin; cholesterol from hog liver; Cholesterol, NF; (3beta) -cholest-5-en-3-ol; (3.beta.)-Cholest-5-en -3-ol; (3) -cholest-5-en-3-ol; 3-hydroxycholest-5-ene; 5,6-Cholesten-3beta-ol; 5: 6-cholesten-3-beta-ol; 5 : 6-Cholesten-3beta-ol; 5-Cholesten-3B-ol; 5-cholesten-3-ol; Cholest-5-en-3beta-ol; 3beta-hydroxycholest-5-ene; 3beta-hydroxy-5-cholestene ;

CAS number: 57-88-5

EINECS number: 200-353-2

Molecular formula: C27H46O

Molecular weight: 386.6535

InChI: InChI = 1 / C27H46O / c1-18 (2) 7-6-8-19 (3) 23-11-12-24-22-10-9-20-17-21 (28) 13-15- 26 (20,4) 25 (22) 14-16-27 (23,24) 5 / h9,18-19,21-25,28H, 6-8,10-17H2,1-5H3 / t19-, 21 +, 22 +, 23-, 24 +, 25 +, 26 +, 27- / m1 / s1

Density: 0.98g / cm3

Melting point: 147-150 ° C

Boiling point: 480.6 ° C at 760 mmHg

Flash point: 209.3 ° C

Vapor pressure: 2.95E-11mmHg at 25 ° C

Physical and chemical properties:

Density 1.06

Melting_point 147-150 ° C

Boiling_point 360 ° C

flash_point 250 ° C

Specific rotation -36 ° (c = 2, dioxane)

Water_soluble negligible

In general, lipids fall into two main categories. Fat (mostly

There are two distinct, one-sided views on the role of food cholesterol. One view is that cholesterol is extremely harmful and cannot be eaten. To say this is one-sided is because people who hold this view lack a clear understanding of the role of cholesterol in the human body. In fact, cholesterol is a component of cell membranes and is involved in some steroid hormones and

Introduction

Animal foods (fish meat, egg milk, etc.) generally contain cholesterol, while plant foods generally do not contain cholesterol. The following daily foods contain a lot of cholesterol and should be given high attention:

Pig brain (also similar to other animal brains) contains a lot of cholesterol, which can be called the champion. It contains 2,571 milligrams of cholesterol per 100 grams of pig brain (2004 for sheep brain and 2447 for cow brain). Fortunately, eating pig brain is not common. If eating animal brains, it is advisable not to exceed one or two times a year.

Animal viscera, such as pig kidney, pig liver, pig lung, pig spleen, and pig intestine (also the same as animal viscera of cattle, sheep, chicken, fish, etc.) contain more cholesterol, and the approximate content is 200 ~ 400 mg cholesterol per 100 internal organ . Therefore, animal viscera should be eaten as little as possible. If you want to eat the animal's internal organs, it should be no more than twice a month.

Baked egg yolk eggs (other eggs such as duck eggs,

Per 100 grams of food

Cholesterol is the most abundant in the body

Cholesterol is actually an indispensable and important substance in human tissue cells. It not only participates in the formation of cell membranes, but is also a raw material for one-way bile acids and vitamin D. Cholesterol is divided into high density cholesterol and low density cholesterol in the body.

High density cholesterol: good thing, don't worry.

Lipid-lowering drugs to improve cholesterol metabolism disorders

For example, Junshan's fourth-generation Jiangzhining granules, Shuxin Jiangzhining tablets, the former is more widely used and the effect is more precise.

Lipid-lowering drugs based on lowering plasma cholesterol

include:

Bile acid sequestrants: such as cholestyramine (

R10 is flammable.

R20 Harmful by inhalation.

R22 Harmful if swallowed. ^[5]

S22 Do not breathe dust.

S24 Avoid skin contact. ^[5]

Cholesterol is overwhelming

For patients with cardiovascular disease, hyperlipoproteinemia, and cholesterolemia. Egg yolks, roe, brain, viscera, etc. that contain high cholesterol should be restricted or not used; animal fats are restricted; vegetable oils are used for cooking; vegetable, fruit, fruit, and soy products can be eaten; appropriate amounts of fish, shrimp, beef, lean meat, Animal protein such as tender chicken. ^[6]