What Is a PSA Cancer Test?
The content of PSA in normal human serum is 4 nanograms per milliliter.
- PSA is an abbreviation of prostate specific antigen. Blood PSA examination is an important indicator for detecting prostate cancer, which is of great significance for the early diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Since most patients with prostate cancer are asymptomatic in early stages or show similar symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia, they are often not easy to detect. Therefore, regular prostate examinations are very important for the prevention and detection of prostate diseases.
- Name
- Blood PSA
- category
- blood
Normal blood PSA test
- The content of PSA in normal human serum is 4 nanograms per milliliter.
Clinical significance of blood PSA examination
- Abnormal results: (1) Serum PSA can also increase during benign prostatic hyperplasia. In order to improve the specificity of serum PSA, serum PSA density (PSA to prostate volume ratio: PSAD) and PSA rate (year of serum PSA level) Rate of change: PSAV) to help distinguish benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. A PSAV greater than 0.75ng / ml / year may indicate the presence of prostate cancer and a prostate biopsy should be performed. In addition, because the serum PSA level is directly proportional to the clinical stage and tumor volume of prostate cancer, the PSA doubling time after treatment can help determine the characteristics and prognosis of prostate cancer. A short PSA doubling time indicates a high degree of malignant prostate cancer and a poor prognosis. . (2) Serum PSA can also be elevated in the following cases: prostatitis, urinary retention, severe digital rectal examination, trauma to the prostate, and prostate biopsy. This rise can last up to 6 weeks. In addition, continuous taking 5a reductase inhibitors (by inhibiting the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone and reducing the content of dihydrotestosterone in the prostate gland, leading to the atrophy of the prostatic hyperplasia to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia) can increase serum PSA levels for more than 6 months Reduced by about 50%. When judging the clinical significance of serum PSA, the interference of the above factors should be excluded. A prostate biopsy is necessary if serum PSA is elevated except for the above reasons. People to be checked: Middle-aged and elderly men often have difficulty urinating, sometimes feel unable to urinate, and frequent urination due to inability to empty the bladder, especially increased nocturnal frequency, laborious urination, significantly reduced urine output, and poor urine flow Patient.
Blood PSA examination precautions
- Unsuitable population: Patients who take medications that affect PSA values and cannot be stopped. Contraindications before examination: (1) PSA may be affected by local irritation or examination. Such as prostatitis, digital rectal prostate examination, bladder examination, transrectal ultrasound examination, catheterization or cycling may cause the PSA value to rise temporarily. If you want to measure the PSA value, it is best to wait three to After five days of blood draw, the PSA value will be more accurate. (2) It is best not to ride a bicycle for three to five days before taking a blood test for PSA. (3) Blood tests are required after 12 hours on an empty stomach. Requirements during the examination: (1) PSA value is also affected by age factors, and the elderly generally increase. (2) You need to fill in your information and name, gender, date of birth, address, telephone number, etc. in detail in the check-up form in order to know the test results in time and prevent the results of different patients from being confused.
Blood PSA checkup process
- Normal human blood contains a certain amount of PSA. The content of PSA in the serum of normal people can be measured by radioimmunoassay to be 4 nanograms per milliliter. However, the PSA content in serum will fluctuate up and down due to various factors in the human body. Generally, the fluctuation range of 0-4 nanograms is set to a normal value. As PSA test is a sensitive and simple screening method for prostate cancer, it has been widely used in the physical examination of middle-aged and elderly men. There are often many medical examinations, because PSA test results are higher than normal, and they are worried about their own. Prostate cancer. In fact, the increase and decrease of PSA are often affected by many factors, such as acute prostatitis, which will significantly increase the serum PSA value; PSA is also affected by the size of the prostate, such as severe prostate hyperplasia, often cause different levels of PSA Rise. Therefore, when encountering acute prostatitis, severe benign prostatic hyperplasia, and various prostate examinations and procedures, the increase in PSA should be considered as a false increase. At this time, it is necessary to analyze it carefully, identify the authenticity, and re-examine the PSA on an elective basis. Do not be frightened by false impressions. You must not miss the signal sent by cancer due to negligence.
Blood PSA examination related diseases
- Prostate cancer
Blood PSA examination related symptoms
- Poor urination, difficulty urinating, and retention