What is the estrogen receptor?

The

estrogen receptor is one of the group of hormonal receptor proteins activated by steroid hormonal estrogen. These receptors are receptors of intracellular nuclear hormones, which means they are located inside the cell nucleus and specialize in scanning steroid hormones. Only estrogen or molecule with a similar structure can be bound to the estrogen receptor and the receptors themselves are only found in estrogen target cells such as liver, uterus and breast cells. The main function of estrogen receptors is to act as proteins of the transcription factor of transcription factor deoxyribonucle (DNA), which are proteins that activate the transcription of messenger ribonucleic acid (MRNA). Estrogen receptors also play an important role in the cell proliferation process and regulate the growth and disintegration of bones.

When no estrogen is present in the cell core, the estrogen receptor remains inactive. As soon as it enters the cell nucleus, it binds to a thorrogen receptor. RecipeR changes shape when the hormone is tied to it and becomes known as the estrogen-receptor complex. The estrogen receptor complexes then bind to DNA sequences, which are also present in the core and are known as elements of estrogen response. Once the estrogen receptor complexes are tied to DNA, close to gene sequences that begin transcription MRNA, the type of molecule that provides a genetic plan for protein synthesis.

MRNA controlled, the cell begins to produce specific protein sequences. These proteins have a direct effect on cell activity. For example, liver cells are directly influenced by the activity of estrogen receptors. The estrogen receptor causes protein production that regulates cholesterol levels in liver cells. In this way, estrogen receptors reduce the risk of individual contractual heart disease.

cell proliferation or process of cellular growth and division JE also influenced by estrogen receptors. Cells in the mammary glands are stimulated by estrogen receptors, preparing breasts to start producing milk in the case of pregnancy. Endometrium or internal uterine lining is also stimulated by estrogen receptors that prepare the uterus for potential pregnancy.

Due to their role in cell proliferation, estrogen receptors can also increase the risk of breast cancer and uterine cancer. If cells in the breast or uterine lining have begun to mutate due to environmental or genetic causes, the estrogen receptor can cause mutated cells to proliferate. These mutated cells become cancer more often. Normal breast cells and uterine cladding, which are exposed to estrogen, are also more vulnerable to spontaneous DNA mutation, which can also lead to an increased risk of cancer.