What is Anthrax?

The pathogenicity of Bacillus anthracis is mainly related to the synergy of its components in toxins. Anthrax toxin can directly damage the microvascular endothelial cells, increase the permeability of the blood vessel wall, resulting in insufficient effective blood volume; coupled with the increase in the release of some biologically active substances during acute infection, thereby expanding small blood vessels, increasing vascular permeability, reducing The amount of tissue perfusion; and because the toxin damages the lining of blood vessels, activates the internal coagulation system and releases tissue thromboplastin substances, and the blood is hypercoagulable, DIC and septic shock are common in anthrax. In addition, Bacillus anthracis itself can block capillaries, make the tissue hypoxic and ischemic, and cause thrombosis in the microcirculation. The incubation period is 1-5 days, the shortest is only 12 hours, and the longest is 12 days

Anthrax virus

Anthrax is a zoonotic acute infectious disease caused by Bacillus anthracis (rather than a virus). Humans become infected by contact with sick animals and their products, and eating meat from sick animals. The clinical manifestations are mainly skin necrosis, ulcers, extensive edema and toxicemia symptoms in the surrounding tissues and occasionally acute infections of the lungs, intestines and meninges, and may be accompanied by sepsis. The bacteria can be found in a variety of ruminants, including cattle, sheep, camels, and antelope. The characteristic of Bacillus anthracis is that it can form a spore structure. This protective cyst can give this bacterium the ability to survive in nature for a long time. Anthrax is a disease of herbivores. The bacteria that cause this disease are

Anthrax is spread in three main ways: skin contact, inhalation and consumption. Skin anthrax is the most common form of this bacterial infection and is much less dangerous than inhaled anthrax; people who often come into contact with livestock, such as herders, veterinarians, and fur processing workers, often suffer

After being infected with Bacillus anthracis, the incubation period can last for hours or even tens of days. Respiratory anthrax infection is very dangerous if it is not treated during the incubation period. The symptoms are mainly flu symptoms such as persistent high fever, constant cough, weakness, and chest pain. . Subsequently, the virus will soon attack, lung function will be damaged, severe hypoxia, patients may be suddenly shocked, the brain may also be infected with the virus, and eventually died. The high incidence area of anthrax is mainly in pastoral areas, more common in farmers and herdsmen, slaughtering, fur processing, veterinary and laboratory personnel. In addition, there are several types of anthrax. Among them, skin anthrax is the most common, and "Anthrax" is a blackbird from skin anthrax. The route of infection is that the skin and mucous membranes of humans have contacted the fur of sick or dead animals, contaminated the anthracnose articles, and the patient's secretions and excreta; the exposed parts of the skin such as the face, neck, shoulders, and limbs are invaded by bacteria. The skin has hemorrhagic infiltration, necrosis, edema, and ulcers, and later forms a typical black pimple. Skin anthrax can be recovered after treatment. Pulmonary anthrax is spread by inhaling dust with anthrax bacillus. Pulmonary anthrax has an acute onset of chills, high fever, cough, hemoptysis, and is often accompanied by sepsis; eating contaminated but undercooked meat, drinking contaminated milk and water will cause intestinal anthrax. Intestinal anthrax behaves like acute gastroenteritis or acute abdomen.