What is Mycoplasma?

Mycoplasma (mycoplasma) is a type of smallest prokaryotic cell-type microorganism that has no cell wall, is highly polymorphic, and can be propagated through a bacteria filter and can be cultured with artificial media. The size is 0.1-0.3 microns. Because it can form filaments and branches, it is called mycoplasma. Mycoplasma is widely present in humans and animals, and most of them are not pathogenic. Mycoplasma that is pathogenic to humans are mainly Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalia, etc. Macrophages, lgG and IgM have a certain killing effect on Mycoplasma.

Basic Information

Chinese name

Mycoplasma

Foreign name

mycoplasma

English abbreviations

PPLO

Chinese meaning

Tissue culture contaminated pleuropneumoniae

Mycoplasma biological traits

Gram staining is negative, but it is not easy to stain. Generally, it is stained with Giemsa and stained lavender. Mycoplasma mainly propagate in two ways, and can also propagate. After branching to form filaments, it breaks into club-shaped particles. Most mycoplasma reproduce slower than bacteria, and the suitable growth temperature is 35 , and the optimal pH is 7.8 8.0. Cultured on solid medium, forming a typical "poached egg" colony. Mycoplasma is weakly resistant, sensitive to heat and dryness, sensitive to 75% ethanol, phenol soap solution, sensitive to erythromycin, tetracycline, spiramycin, streptomycin, kanamycin and other drugs, but to penicillins Antibiotics are not sensitive.

Mycoplasma pathogenicity

Mycoplasma is weakly pathogenic and generally does not invade the blood, but can bind to host cells through adhesion to obtain lipids and cholesterol from the cell membrane, causing damage to the cell membrane. Ureaplasma urealyticum can decompose urea and release a large amount of ammonia, which is toxic to cells.

Mycoplasma

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the pathogen that causes mycoplasma pneumonia, and can also cause upper respiratory infections and chronic bronchitis. It is mainly transmitted through the respiratory tract and can occur throughout the year, but it occurs more frequently in late summer and early autumn. The incidence rate is higher among people aged 1 to 15 years. Symptoms are mild, with irregular fever, headache, and irritating cough. Sometimes it is not bronchopneumonia, and individual patients may experience extra-respiratory complications such as rash, cardiovascular and neurological symptoms. Isolation culture, serological tests, etc. are commonly used in clinical examinations.

2. Other Mycoplasma

Ureaplasma urealyticum, mycoplasma humani, and mycoplasma genitalium are pathogens that cause urogenital infections in humans and are transmitted through sexual contact and cause urogenital infections such as urethritis and prostatitis; they can also cause fever after abortion and postpartum fever or labor Mattress fever, infertility, and trans birth infection can cause neonatal pneumonia or meningitis.

Mycoplasma Prevention Principles

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

At present, macrolide drugs such as roxithromycin, clindamycin, and azithromycin are often used to treat Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections, or quinolone drugs such as ofloxacin and sparfloxacin are used.

2.Ureaplasma urealyticum

Strengthen missions and cut off transmission. Infected patients can be treated with tetracycline and quinolone drugs.