What Is Thyrotoxicosis?

(1) Increased thyroid hormone secretion in hypermetabolic syndrome leads to increased excitability of sympathetic nerves and accelerated metabolism. Those who are often fatigued, afraid of heat and sweat, wet skin, eat a lot of hunger, and lose weight significantly.

Thyrotoxicosis

Thyrotoxicosis refers to hyperthyroidism in the blood circulation caused by any cause, including hyperthyroidism (including the destruction of follicles by inflammation, excess thyroid hormone stored in the follicles into the circulation, and hyperthyroidism caused by hypothyroidism, such as: subacute thyroiditis, quiet Type thyroiditis, postpartum thyroiditis) such as: increased body heat production, patients are afraid of heat and not cold, slight tremor can be seen with a flat hand.

Clinical manifestations of thyrotoxicosis

(2) The mental and nervous system is hyperactive, nervous, anxious, anxious, irritable, insomnia, distracted, memory loss, tremor of hands and eyelids.

(3) Cardiac palpitations in the cardiovascular system are short of breath, tachycardia, and first heart sounds hyperthyroidism. The systolic blood pressure increased, the diastolic blood pressure decreased, and the pulse pressure increased. Arrhythmia, enlarged heart, and heart failure occur in patients with hyperthyroid heart disease (referred to as hyperthyroid heart disease). Atrial arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation are common, and atrioventricular block is occasionally seen.

(4) The digestive system has loose stools and increased defecation times. In severe cases, hepatomegaly, abnormal liver function, and occasionally jaundice.

(5) The musculoskeletal system is mainly thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP). TPP is associated with GD and multi-nodular toxic goiter. It is common in Asian men 20 to 40 years old. The causes include strenuous exercise, high-carb diet, insulin injection, etc. The lesions mainly affect the lower extremities, and hypokalemia. The course of TPP is self-limiting, and it can heal itself after the control of hyperthyroidism. A few patients have hyperthyroid myopathy, and myasthenia gravis affects the proximal scapular and pelvic girdle muscles. There are a few patients with myasthenia gravis before, after or at the same time as hyperthyroidism. Myasthenia gravis and GD are both autoimmune

(6) The proportion of blood lymphocytes around the hematopoietic system increases, monocytes increase, but the total number of white blood cells decreases. May be associated with thrombocytopenic purpura.

(7) Menstrual dysmenorrhea or amenorrhea in women of reproductive system. Male impotence with occasional breast hyperplasia (male mammary gland development).

Uncommon types of thyroid

T3 T3 hyperthyroidism

Triiodothyronine hyperthyroidism, referred to as T3 hyperthyroidism, refers to a type of thyroid disease in which serum T4 is normal or decreased in the absence of reduced TBG, but increased in serum T3. This condition can be seen in Graves disease, multinodular goiter, or high-functioning adenoma. The disease is more common in iodine-deficient areas. Patients with clinical manifestations of thyrotoxicosis, whose serum T4 and FT4 are normal or decreased, and RAIU is normal or increased, should suspect this disease. T3 type hyperthyroidism accounts for about 12% of patients with hyperthyroidism, which may be due to the gland providing less compensating iodine and more synthetic T3 with less iodine. It seems to be more common in the onset of hyperthyroidism, in the treatment of antithyroid agents, and in the recurrence period after treatment. The diagnosis of this disease is based on: symptoms and signs of hyperthyroidism; total serum T4 and FT4 are normal; thyroid 131 iodine uptake is normal or increased and cannot be suppressed by exogenous T3; serum total T3 is increased; The content is normal.

The treatment of this disease is the same as that of the usual type of hyperthyroidism, but it should be noted that the symptoms of thyroid toxemia in these patients often cannot completely disappear, and the withdrawal of antithyroid therapy is easy to relapse.

T4 T4 hyperthyroidism

In most patients with hyperthyroidism, although serum T3 and T4 are increased, the increase in serum T3 concentration is greater than that in serum T4. This suggests that the thyroid gland releases more T3 and peripheral tissues convert T4 to T3 during hyperthyroidism. T4 hyperthyroidism is a type of thyroid disease characterized by a marked increase in serum T4 and a generally normal serum T3. T4 hyperthyroidism is mainly seen in elderly, sick or elderly patients who have been exposed to excessive iodine in the past. Therefore, long-term hospitalization is more common. Excessive iodine intake makes the glands synthesize more T4. If there is no history of excessive iodine intake, it is often suggested that the conversion of T4 to T3 in peripheral tissues is inhibited. In addition to the treatment of T4 hyperthyroidism, the body's iodine intake should be appropriately reduced.

Thyrotoxicosis

Refers to thyrotoxicosis caused by long-term excessive intake of thyroid hormones. Man-made thyrotoxicosis is not uncommon abroad. Patients are mostly women, often with underlying mental illness, emotional instability, excessive anxiety, and fear of obesity. The patient knew that he was taking a thyroxine preparation but strongly denied it. The patient has typical and sometimes severe clinical symptoms of thyroid toxin. The thyroid atrophy is small and there is no infiltrative exophthalmos, but there may be gaze. When the patient looks down, the patient's drooping sensation lags behind the simple exophthalmos and other signs. . The thyroid "I uptake rate is significantly reduced, but it can be increased after TSH administration. Serum T3 levels generally increase, and T4 levels generally increase, but if the thyroxine preparation is T3, serum T4 levels decrease. Serum thyroglobulin concentration decreases (Not increased), suggesting that thyroidism is caused by exogenous thyroid hormones. There is no evidence of thyroid disease in patients. The treatment method is to discontinue thyroxine preparations and to give 1JL mental and physical therapy.

Thyrotoxicosis should seek medical attention promptly

Pregnant women should be treated immediately if they have thyrotoxicosis, otherwise the risk of fetal death can be as high as 40%. The chance of pregnancy with hyperthyroidism is about 0. In severe cases, thyrotoxicosis can develop. Pregnant women should be treated immediately if they have thyrotoxicosis, otherwise the risk of fetal death can be as high as 40%. ...

Thyroid Toxic Care

Hyperthyroidism is a chronic disease with no symptoms or atypical symptoms at an early stage. If it is not treated in time, there will be life-threatening dangers such as hyperthyroidism crisis and hyperthyroid heart disease. Even with regular treatment, some patients still fail to achieve good results after short-term treatment. Due to the lingering disease, long treatment course, recurrent attacks, and high mental stress, it has a great impact on life and work. Therefore, it is particularly important to take good care of patients while actively treating them. The focus of nursing is: 1. Relieve the mental and physical pain of the patient. 2. Prevent complications. 3. Provide life help to patients.

(I) General Nursing

1, appropriate rest and activities.

When clinical symptoms are significant, bed rest should be timely, especially when the activity is restricted from 1 to 2 hours after eating. When clinical symptoms are significantly improved, pay attention to rest while taking appropriate activities or physical exercise. Avoid overwork; All laboratory tests are normal and may not restrict activities.

2. Emotional Nursing Chinese medicine believes that a person's mental state is closely related to the body's internal organs, qi and blood, and a person's emotional activity is closely related to the function of mind-hiding, which is full of spirit. Patients with a cheerful mind generally have better curative effects. Worse. Therefore, it is necessary to care about the patient in nursing, talk to the patient, understand the patient's state of mind, and guide the patient to let go of his doubts.

3.Diet care

The diet should be based on the principles of high calories, high protein, high vitamins, and appropriate amounts of fat and sodium salt. Use less spicy and irritating condiments. The food should be soft and easy to digest, rich and nutritious. Do not eat high iodine foods, such as: Kelp, seaweed, jellyfish, seaweed and algae food, etc., to prevent poor control of hyperthyroidism. No smoking. No drinking. Strong tea and coffee.

(L) Give adequate carbohydrates and fats. Carbohydrates and fats have the effect of saving protein. If there is sufficient supply, proteins can exert their unique physiological functions. Give adequate vitamins and inorganic salts. Vitamins and inorganic salts can regulate physiological functions and improve body metabolism, especially vitamin B and vitamin C. Adequate calcium and iron should be given to prevent deficiency.

(2) Properly increase animal viscera, fresh green leafy vegetables, or supplement vitamin preparations.

(3) Appropriately control foods rich in cellulose. Patients with hyperthyroidism often have diarrhea. Excessive supply of fiber-rich foods can increase diarrhea.

4. Condition Nursing

It is mainly to observe whether the whole body has the manifestation of high metabolic comprehensive , whether the thyroid is swollen, whether the eyeballs are protruding, and the nervous system. Cardiovascular system. Digestive system. Blood system. Reproductive system. No edema, flushing, wet fingers, and other strange manifestations. Pay special attention to observe changes in body temperature and cardiovascular system to prevent the occurrence of hyperthyroidism crisis and hyperthyroid heart disease.

5.Symptomatic care

When using western medicine treatment, pay attention to age, sex, and disease. Select thyroid drugs. Pay attention to changes in the condition during treatment, whether allergic to thyroid drugs, drug eruption, liver damage, and leukopenia. Periodically review liver function and blood routine. . When using traditional Chinese medicine treatment, pay attention to decoction. The method of taking the medicine, the contraindications in the process of taking medicine.

Thyrotoxicosis prevention

(1) Prevention before illness: Emotional factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of hyperthyroidism. "Jishengfang. Treatment of Tumor Tumors" says: "People who have Tumor Tumors often suffer from anger and insanity, and become overwhelmed by over-anxiety." Therefore, to prevent hyperthyroidism, we should first keep our spirits happy in our daily lives. Comfortable. Secondly, a reasonable diet to avoid irritating foods is also an important preventive measure; at the same time, living rules, do not waste time; help the spleen and stomach, enhance physical fitness, improve their immunity and disease resistance are very important.

(2) Prevention and transmission of disease: Preventing disease before it happens is the most ideal prevention. However, if hyperthyroidism has occurred, it should be diagnosed and treated early to prevent the disease from changing, that is, to prevent the development of the disease and complications. "Su Wen. Jade Machine's Theory of Real Tibet" reads: "The five internal organs are interconnected, and there are times when they are moved. If the five internal organs are diseased, they all pass on their successes." Therefore, preventive measures should be taken according to the rules of the occurrence of hyperthyroidism complications. Prevent complications and control the change of disease.

(3) Prevention of recurrence after healing: As the saying goes: "Illness comes down like a mountain, and illness goes like a shred." The metaphor of the image shows that the body still has a state to be recovered. There is a recovery of body fluid consumption. If you are not careful at this time, the original condition may be delayed and relapsed. Therefore, in the early recovery stage, drugs, diet, spirit, medicated diet, etc. should be comprehensively adjusted, and regularly checked and carefully monitored, which are important measures to prevent recurrence after illness.

In general: Coastal areas should pay attention to iodine-containing foods, and it is recommended not to use high iodine diet to prevent iodine hyperthyroidism; Inland areas (iodine-deficient areas) should be limited in iodine supplementation, and thyroid tablets should be time-limited; When the general health is checked, thyroid B ultrasound or thyroid function should be added to detect patients with hyperthyroidism at an early stage. Patients with hyperthyroidism who are passively detected are delayed for 2 to 3 years. Avoiding mental incentives, regular living, and work-life combination are good for preventing morbidity.

Life precautions for patients with hyperthyroidism

(1) Learn to relax and don't stress yourself too much. Maybe it s because I do nt know how to cherish myself, so my body is prone to disease and protest.

(2) Women who have a pregnancy plan should first discuss with their physician to determine the timing and whether adjustments to treatment are needed.

(3) Eat less irritating foods, especially coffee and tea, to avoid palpitations and hand tremors.

(4) Reduce the intake of foods containing iodine, such as kelp, seaweed, and laver. Avoid using iodized salts or use non-iodized salts instead.

(5) Be careful with warming supplements and dietary remedies with high iodine content.

(6) Be careful with food, such as small cocks and old geese.

(7) Check thyroid function regularly.