What are tissue microchips?
tissue microchips, also referred to as TMAS, are samples of tissue cores prepared in the paraffin block and arranged in an accurate way. Histological sections of the field can be cut out of the paraffin block, resulting in thin slices of tissue field prepared by paraffin, which can be placed on a regular glass of the microscope. Tissue microchips are used to perform a wide range of tests on numerous tissues contained on a single microscope, allowing high speed and accuracy in experimentation. For example, scientists often use tissue microchips to determine gene expression in normal and pathological tissues to use genetics to diagnose various diseases.
Many different laboratories, mostly in biological and health, use tissue microchips to improve efficiency and accuracy with which different tissue experiments can perform. For example, immunohistochemistry is a process in which fluorescent substances are connected to the antibodies that are exposed toTissue samples on the microchip. Antibodies bind to specific antigens on tissues and scientists can identify this bond due to fluorescent substances. Some specific antibodies bind to specific antigens, so that the binding levels can provide a large amount of information about the antigens contained in the tissue sample. Different antigens may be present on normal or pathological cells; Understanding the difference may allow an accurate diagnosis of the disease and can even provide information that can be used to find drugs for various diseases.
A similar technique that is commonly applied to tissue microchips is called fluorescent hybridization in situ or fish. In fish, fluorescent probe binds to specific parts of chromosomes and can be used to find information about genetic make -up. For example, this method can be used by identifying genetic markers for various diseases.Methods of fish and immunohistochemistry are commonly used to diagnose and identify cancer treatment.
tissue samples can be difficult to obtain in significant quantities, and tissue microchips tend to take some time to prepare, so scientists have to ensure that their samples remain intact and that the field is properly prepared. For example, tissue must be quickly processed in paraffin to prevent disintegration. Some scientists decide to buy pre -made tissue microchips instead of producing their own to avoid errors in preparing their own tissue microchips. Another aspect is the number of samples to be placed on one slide. Several hundred tissue cores can be placed on one glass, but can be difficult to watch and experiment on many small samples.