What is an oncolytic virus?
October is a study of cancer and lysis describes cell breakdown. The oncolytic virus is the one that can kill cancer cells. Although the field of oncolytic viral therapy is relatively new, since 2011, studies have shown that some viruses are able to have some effects on some cancer. Genetically treated viruses that can infect tumor cells but leave healthy cells that are not affected are studied.
viruses are small organisms that require the replication of the cell of another organism. In fact, the viruses are so simple, contain a spring or two nucleic material and perhaps a protective envelope that some scientists do not consider them living creatures. The simplicity of viruses is useful in that small energy expenditures are necessary to remain intact or create new viral particles, but it also means that viruses must enter other organisms to use their cellular machines to reproduce.
To do this, viruses dedicate part of space on a relatively small strandCH of genetic material for gene products that help them challenge cells and carry machinery. When the viruses are successful when entering the cell and forcing it to make a copy of the virus, the new viral particles get out into the environment by interrupting the cell open. This process is known as a lie that comes from the Greek word for release, which is luein .
normally viruses instead of healthy cells attack tumor cells. With the advent of molecular biology and genetic engineering in the later years of the 20th century, however, scientists have figured ways to focus on tumor cells. If the studied virus was able to destroy some tumor cells, it was called onkolatic virus.
Thecells in the body generally all contain a complete gene supplement and the cell reads the information present in these genes to produce the necessary cellular products. Since the body contains many differentCell types, from nerve cells to skin cells, products necessary for this cell usually differ from other types of cells. Tumor cells have a different profile than healthy cells around them, although the original tumor cell was once the same as adjacent cells. This is because tumor cells are replicated abnormally, and therefore need more building molecules than non -firing cells.
It is the difference in the cell profile that scientists use to tune the virus to specifically target cancer cells. For example, a virus that lacks a normal gene for a specific product it needs for replication cannot replicate inside a cell that does not produce this product. When the onkolatic virus gets into a tumor cell that makes this product within the cancer process, then the virus is able to take this cell product and replicate. The replication then leads to a bed of cells and the tumor may decrease as a result.
Examples of natural virus species that have potential applications in cancer treatment include herpes SIMPLEX VIRUS-1, Adenovirus and Reovirus. Usually, because they are able to naturally infect people, scientists choose human pathogens to test the ability to kill human tumor cells. Sometimes the viruses have been designed to remove genes that are not useful for therapeutic effects or that can be dangerous to the patient. Since 2011, oncolytic viral therapy in cancer treatment has not been common, but clinical studies are a procedure for different tribes. If it is found to be useful, the product of oncolytic virus can be used in conjunction with other anti -cancer treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation, or if it is very successful, it can be used alone.