What Is Nettle?
Nettle (scientific name: Urtica fissa E. Pritz.): Perennial herb, up to 100 cm tall, quadrangular, with few branches. Leaf blades are nearly membranous, broadly ovate, oval, pentagonal, or nearly circular in outline, lobes gradually increasing from bottom to top, triangular or oblong, green or dark green above, light green below, petioles densely bristle and faint Hair; stipules grassy, green, androgynous, conical inflorescence, male flowers with short stalks, perianth segments connate in middle and lower parts, female flowers small, almost sessile; achenes nearly round, with brownish red warts on surface Point; flowering from August to October, bearing fruit from September to November.
- Nettle is the most widely distributed phytosynthetic taxa in China. Its leaf edges vary widely and generally have several lobes, but some specimens in Hubei, Shaanxi, and Sichuan are palmately 3-lobed Deeply fissured, some young leaves have not differentiated into lobes, only with coarse teeth. This indicates that the splitting of the leaves seems to be a more evolutionary trait; on the other hand, the fact that the traits are unstable also indicates that the group of plants seems to be in differentiation. [1]
- Nettles grow on hillsides, roadsides, or semi-shadow wet places around 100 meters (in Zhejiang) or 500-2000 meters above sea level. [1]
- Distributed in China, Anhui (Qimen), Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Henan (Funiushan), southern Shaanxi, southeast Gansu, Sichuan, Guizhou and central Yunnan. It is also distributed in northern Vietnam. [1]
- Seed breeding: Potted seedling emergence rate is 91%, seedlings grow well, the emergence rate is 11% higher than the field test, but after 14 days of field breeding, the emergence rate is 80%. The seedlings grow well and are stronger than those in pot experiments. Fine land preparation can improve the seedling emergence rate of nettle field breeding. The breeding time of nettle seeds in Nyingchi, Tibet is mid-March each year, and the suitable seeding rate is 10 g / m2. Fill the soles of the foot with water and spread it finely. After sowing, lightly sprinkle a thin layer of soil. You can ensure that Miaoquan, Miaoqi, Miao uniform. 6-8 leaves can be transplanted. [3]
- Diseases, powdery mildew occurs in a small amount in the high temperature season, can be used alternately with Baifufu 1500 times liquid and Libai 1500 times liquid, spray once every 7-10 days, 3 times can be cured. [4]
Nettle medicinal
- Nettle (21 photos)
- In China, the "Book of Materia Medica" in the Song Dynasty has long been described: Nettle whole grass can be used as medicine, its taste is bitter, spicy, warm, and has a small poison. With Qufeng Dingjing, Xiaoshi laxative effect. Indications Rheumatoid arthritis, postpartum convulsions, pediatric convulsions, sequelae of polio, hypertension, indigestion, impotence of stool; topical treatment of the beginning of urticaria, snake bites, etc. Ming Dynasty Li Shizhen's "Compendium of Materia Medica" said: "Nettles, ... their stems have spines, two or three feet tall, leaves like flowers or mulberries, or green or purple, and those with purple backs are used as medicines. They have a scary hairy mantle and touch people like bees. Stupid, you can solve it by drowning, you can poison the fish by pouring it into the water. The smell is bitter, bitter, cold, and poisonous. You can treat more than vomiting. Snake venom. Lost overnight. " Therefore, farmers and herders regard it as a treasure.
- Nettles have a long history of medicinal use. For example, the Koreans use nettles of nettle to treat anemia and chronic gastroenteritis. Yi people in Liangshan, Sichuan Province, used small fruit nettles to treat rheumatism and convulsions. Uighurs use hemp leaf nettle seeds to relieve cough, and leaves cure rhinitis. Tibetans use nettles to treat chronic fever and indigestion caused by dragon disease; Dai people use it to cure ringworm; Yao people use it to cure hemangiomas; Buyi people use it to treat rheumatism and numbness; Uighur people use it to diuretic and pass through , Prolactin, aphrodisiac, liver and spleen, used for the treatment of asthma, epistaxis, uterine prolapse, otic swelling of the ears, jaundice; Dai and Yi people use it to treat rheumatoid arthritis, skin eczema, numbness of hands and feet, urticaria, wind phlegm The Qiang people use it to remove wind and dampness, to treat numbness of limbs, sprain pain and itching of the skin. The Buyi people use wide-leaf nettle to treat wet numbness. Qiang and Naxi people use Yunnan nettles to cure numbness of limbs, sprains and itching. Nettles and broad-leaved nettles have been included in the "Medicine Standards of the Ministry of Health" (Tibetan Medicine Division) in 1995. The preparation of Hanchuan Zupa granules with nettle seeds as the main ingredient was included in the Ministry of Pharmaceutical Standards for its specific efficacy (Uygur Medicine Sub-Division, 1998). [5]
Nettle health
- In the field of application, the development of nettle plants outside China has expanded from the fields of medicine and food to daily necessities. Oral health products such as toothpaste and mouthwash prepared from Chinese topical nettle extracts can reduce the occurrence of dental scars, tooth bleeding and gingivitis. Hairdressing cosmetics prepared with the nettle plant alcohol extract can improve the blood supply and respiration of the scalp, and reduce the generation of oily grime and dandruff. [5]
Nettle edible
- Nettle is also edible. Russia and other countries use nettle stems and leaves to cook and process a variety of dishes: cold salads, soups, grilled vegetables, nettle juice, drinks and spices. In Europe, nettles (plants and leaves) are listed as a natural source of food condiments and can be used for soups and herbal teas. The protein and fat content of nettle seeds is close to that of oil crops such as hemp, sunflower, and flax; the oil squeezed by nettle seeds has a unique taste and has the function of strengthening the body; nettle leaves are rich in protein and multivitamins, and people pick Its young branches and leaves are used as vegetables or pie, and its taste is elegant and delicious.
- Nettle has strong adaptability, strong growth, hardly needs to be managed, and is rarely affected by diseases and insect pests. It does not require pesticide application. Its product is a qualified green food. Nettle plants can be developed as a wild green vegetable. Mongolian folk in Inner Mongolia, China eat nettles as vegetables in spring. [5]
Nettle feeding
- Nettle plants are tall, with luxuriant stems and leaves, fast growth and development, more seeds and more cold-tolerant seedlings, and have functions such as removing wind and dampness, spasm, and blood. The stems and leaves of nettle are rich in protein, multivitamins, carotene, and trace amounts of phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, silicon, sulfur, calcium, sodium, diamond, copper and titanium. Its nutritional value is no less than that of alfalfa, clover and legumes, and it plays an important role in the development of livestock. As long as it is properly fed, it is a high-quality feed for livestock and poultry. [5]
Nettle fertilizer
- Nettle also has the function of biological fertilizer, and has been used as a biological pesticide for a long time to prevent pests and diseases, especially black aphids. According to a 1988 survey in Berlin, Germany, 25% of amateur gardeners use liquid nettle fertilizer in their garden. It contains nitrogen (40% of which is ammonia), which can be quickly absorbed by plants. It also contains a soluble Nitrogen derivatives can effectively resist the invasion of pests and diseases and increase plant resistance. Nettles of different plants can not only control pests and diseases, but also increase the effect of fertilization. Nettle itself can be used for weeding after fermentation, and it can also be used as fertilizer due to its rich nutrition. [5]
Nettle industry
- Nettle's stem bark has good toughness, strong tensile force, good gloss, and easy dyeing. It can be used as textile raw materials, or hemp rope, woven carpet, etc., and it is also an important fiber plant. Nettle stem bark contains a large number of long coarse fibers, which can be used for textiles and papermaking. The coarse cloth made is similar to sackcloth. Ancient Europeans used their fiber textile clothing for a long time. [5]