What Are Polyclonal Antibodies?

An antigen is usually composed of multiple antigenic determinants. An antigenic determinant stimulates the body. An antibody produced by a B lymphocyte stimulated by the antigen is called a monoclonal antibody (Monoclonal Antibody). A variety of antigenic determinants stimulate the body, and accordingly produce a variety of monoclonal antibodies. These monoclonal antibodies are polyclonal antibodies, and the antibodies produced in the body are polyclonal antibodies. In addition to diversity, the same epitope can also stimulate the body to produce five types of antibodies such as IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, and IgD. Antigen stimulates the body to produce an immunological response. A group of globulins that are synthesized and secreted by the body's plasma cells and have specific binding ability to the antigen. This is the immunoglobulin, an immunoglobulin with specific binding ability to the antigen. It's antibodies. ^[1]

The molecular structure of the antigen that can cause the body to produce antibodies is called an epitope. There can be several different antigenic determinants on an antigen, so that the body produces several different antibodies, and the resulting antibodies are plasma cells. Only for one

Antigen is usually composed of multiple

can be used as

1. Types of adjuvantsAdjuvants commonly used in current practice are aluminum hydroxide gum, alum, Freund's adjuvant, liposomes and paraffin

Oil, etc. There are also mycobacteria such as conjugated bacilli,

will

The animals used for immunization are mainly mammals and birds. Rabbits, sheep, goats, horses, mules, guinea pigs and mice are often selected. The choice of animal is often determined based on the use and amount of the antibody.

Whether the antibody titer is used for diagnosis or treatment, the purpose of preparing antibodies is to require higher titer. different

After the antiserum is harvested, add 1 / 10,000 thimerosal or 1 / 10,000 sodium azide for preservation, or add the same amount of neutral glycerin, aliquot into small vials, and store at low temperature below -20 for several months to several years

The preparation of polyclonal antibodies generally includes the following steps:

1. Preparation

Immunization can be performed by one of the following various methods.

(1) Lymph node injection method: 50 mg of live BCG vaccine (approximately 0.30 ml on each side) is injected subcutaneously (or intradermally) in the two hind plantar regions of the rabbit. After 7 to 10 days, the sacral and diaphragmatic lymph nodes of the rabbits became swollen; the swollen lymph nodes were injected with IgG with complete adjuvant emulsification

Agar diffusion was used.

Dilute serum folds and add to peripheral wells.

Intermediate hole plus animal Ig.

(3) Expand the wet box at 37 ° C for 24 hours and observe the results.

1. The anti-Ig titer is qualified if the agar diffusion titer reaches 116 or 132.

2. Purity was identified by the agar expansion method. Anti-Ig serum was added to the middle well, and Ig and standard Ig were added to the peripheral well. The molecular structure on the part of the anti-Ig and I antigen that can cause the body to produce antibodies is called an epitope. There can be several different antigenic determinants on an antigen, so that the body produces several different antibodies, and the resulting antibodies are plasma cells. A plasma cell group that functions only against one epitope is a pure line. The pure line in English is Clone, and the transliteration is clone. A specific antibody produced by a clone is called a monoclonal antibody. Monoclonal antibodies can target specifically bind to a single specific epitope, just as a missile hits a target precisely. On the other hand, even if it is the same epitope, antibodies can be produced by several clones in the body, and several hybrids of monoclonal antibodies are formed, called polyclonal antibodies.