What is the nervous system?

The nervous system is responsible for providing instructions to all other body systems. In most types of animals there is some form of the nervous system and usually includes the central component, with brain and spinal cord and peripheral component, which includes long sensory and somatic nerves. The nervous system consists of specialized cells called neurons that send and receive chemical information between different parts of the body. The other side contains presynaptic terminals that send signals to other neurons. Between these two ends is a long axon, which is covered with myelin and through which signal travels. Like other cells in the body, neurons are able to synthesize energy. Unlike other cells, they are able to send and receive chemical messages.

In humans and other mammals, the nervous system is divided into a number of subsystems. The central nervous system contains the brain and spinal cord that is used to collect and process information obtained neurons in the peripheral nervous system. Brain and mI also send instructions of peripheral neurons. Neurons in the brain are also responsible for learning and memory that allows animals to adapt to their environment.

The

spinal cord acts as a go-craft between the brain into the peripheral nervous system. It also plays a role in the autonomic nervous system, which is part of the peripheral system. This system works without conscious knowledge and controls many different processes such as digestion, breathing, sexual desire and endocrine function. The autonomic system is further divided into two subsystems, a nice and parasympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for increased blood flow, heart rate, breathing and the level of brewery when the animal is stressed, while the parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for calming the body as soon as after danger.

In addition to the regulation of the autonomous system of peripheral neurons, they also check sensory and somatic functions. WITHEzoric neurons are found in sensory organs such as eyes and ears, as well as on the skin where they transmit information about temperature, pressure and pain back to the brain. Somatic neurons control voluntary movements in the muscles.