What Is the Pelvic Ring?

The pelvis, which connects the pelvic skeleton between the spine and the lower limbs, is a complete bone ring formed by connecting the posterior condyle, coccyx (the two lowest bones of the spine) and the left and right hip bones.

The pelvis, which connects the pelvic skeleton between the spine and the lower limbs, is a complete bone ring formed by connecting the posterior condyle, coccyx (the two lowest bones of the spine) and the left and right hip bones.

Chinese name

pelvis

Foreign name

pelvis

nickname

Pelvis

Applied discipline

Human physiology

Scope of application

Anatomy

Scope of application

the term

Pelvic Overview

The pelvis connects the pelvic skeleton between the spine and the lower limbs. A complete bony ring made up of the posterior condyle, the tailbone (the two lowest bones of the spine), and the left and right hip bones.

The pelvis not only transfers weight to both lower limbs, and serves as a basis for free lower limbs, but also supports the protection of organs in the abdominal pelvis.

Pelvic anatomy

Between the sacrum, sacrum, and sacrum, there is a strong ligament to support the joints, forming joints, and generally cannot move. After pregnancy, under the influence of hormones, the ligaments are slightly loose, and the joints are slightly loose, which is beneficial to childbirth.

The entire pelvis is divided into the upper large pelvis (false pelvis) and the lower small pelvis (true pelvis) by the boundary. The boundary line is a circular line surrounded by the promontory, the leading edges of the two sacral wings, the arched lines on both sides, and the pubic combs, pubic nodules, pubic condyles, and the upper edge of the pubic symphysis. The small pelvis communicates with this mouth. The inferior pelvic inferior mouth is composed of the tip of the coccyx and the zygomatic tubercle ligaments on both sides, the ischial tuberosity, the pubic arch, and the inferior margin of the pubic bone. The part between the upper and lower mouth is the pelvic cavity.

Pelvis and pelvis vary by gender and age

When the male is erect, the anterior superior iliac spine and pubic symphysis are located in the same coronal plane. In the female, the anterior superior iliac spine is tilted about 1 cm forward. There are obvious gender differences in the pelvis, because the female pelvis is closely related to the conception and delivery of the fetus. The pelvic differences between men and women mainly exist in the small pelvis, and the large pelvis also has the corresponding performance: female pelvis is smaller and lighter than male; the signs of muscle, tendon and ligament attachment are not as obvious as those of male; the base of the sacrum, auricular surface and The acetabulum is smaller and the pubic symphysis is wider and shorter. The absolute values of the transverse and sagittal diameters of the upper and lower pelvis of women are larger than those of men; because the female's pubic body and pubic condyle are longer, the distance from the acetabulum to the pubic bone is greater than the diameter of the acetabulum itself. ; The angle of the pubic arch is about 90 ° or greater, and that of males is about 70 ° to 75 °; female ischial tuberosities turn slightly outward, and the angle of the large ischial notch is larger, so the tailbone is more rearward The patella of the cheekbone is not as significant as that of the male. The female pelvis has a wider pelvis, a shallower hip socket, a larger distance between the acetabulum on both sides, and a slightly closed obturator; the entire pelvis is short and wide.

The pelvis of children and adolescents has not been finalized, and the hip bone is not a whole. It is made up of the sacrum, toe bone, and ischium connected by cartilage. Generally healed as a whole from 19 to 24 years old. When the girl is exercising, avoid jumping from a high place to the hard ground to prevent the three bones from being dislocated, causing abnormal healing, affecting the normal development of the pelvis and delivery in adulthood. In addition, girls wearing high heels prematurely can shift their body's gravity and narrow the pelvic opening. In terms of morphology of men and women, differences start to appear around the age of 10, women are wide and short, and men are narrow and long, and the difference between adulthood is more significant.

Pelvic ligament

The pelvic connection is mainly the pubic symphysis and sacroiliac joint (see "pubic symphysis and sacroiliac joint"). In addition, there are still some important ligaments, namely: iliopsoas ligament, strong and hypertrophic, stretched at the 5th lumbar vertebra Between the posterior branch and the zygomatic fossa, the part extends to the zygomatic fossa and pelvic surface, called the iliac waist ligament. The zygomatic tubercle ligament, strong and broad, starts from the posterior superior iliac spine, posterior inferior iliac spine, and the back of the sacrum and coccyx. Sacrospinous ligament, the fibers from the lateral edges of the sacrum and coccyx, attached to the sciatic spine concentratedly downward. The zygomatic tubercle ligament and sacrospinous ligament enclose the large ischial notch and the small ischial notch into a large ischium and small ischium. The obturator membrane is a fibrous membrane that closes the obturator (think of it as a wide and thin ligament that connects the superior, inferior and sciatic branches of the pubic bone).