What is the category of basic levels?
In cognitive psychology, the category of the basic level of the family, objects, patterns, emotions, spatial relationships or social relations that are cognitively basic. "Dog", "Chairs", "Ball" and "Cup" are examples of basic level categories. The basic level categories share a number of properties with each other. Among other similarities are the first named and understood levels, at the shortest primary lexe, the first level that enters the lexicon of the language, the level at which the subjects are the fastest in category identification, at the level at which most of our knowledge is organized.
Basic level category tends to rest in the middle of typical general-specific categorical hierarchies. For example, in a formulara's lifeA, the category of base level tends to be at the genus level (oak, maple, rabbit, raccoon, etc.) If I hit the trail over the tree, I could call it "plant", "tree", "leaf tree" and "maple" or "cut Stagn", but I probably call it "map". Categories more general than "maple" are likely to be mentally represented as superior categories, while more specific categories are probably represented as subordinate categories. In the Tzeltal speakers living in Tenejapa in the Chiapas region, anthropologist Brent Berlin and his collaborators, the folk categorization of plants and animals at the basic level reflected scientific classification remarkably well, while divergence from the basic level led to significant mismatch.
The modern concept of the basic level categories and its accompanying empirical support was first assembled and expressed by Eleanor Rosch. As it continued to evolve, it became known as "the theory of prototypes andcategories of basic levels "or simply" prototype theory ". Teotypo theory is widely considered to be a breakthrough in experimental psychology, a revolution in categorization and replacing earlier classical theory, which defined categories much more strictly, in a way that did not correspond to empirical evidence. Rosch's theories were inspired by earlier work of psychologists and anthropologists Robert Brown.
That goes hand in hand with the idea of the category of basic levels is the idea of prototypicity - that the categories have a "radial structure", ie some members of the category are more representative for their categories than others. For example, Robin is considered to be a more typical example of a bird than ostrich. There is an asymmetric relationship between members of the prototype category and members of atypical categories - atypical are considered similar to similarity to prototypes, while inverse relations are much weaker. When they receive a number of examples such as a number of color chips, adults and children are easier to choose prototypes as "a typical wayad ”arbitrarily defined categories, although the prototype is not a central example of the category as defined.
Theotypical theory is an important part of modern empirically verifiable psychological theories. Given that human knowledge is saturated with the conclusions of categories and members of the category, conscious and subconscious, the category research is an essential part of the revelation of how the human mind works. Given that psychological research is constantly developing and is authorized by increasingly accurate techniques, instruments and theories, categories will be the aim of many fertile research projects.