What is the karyotype?
karyotype is an image that shows the chromosomes of the body. This term is also used for more general reference to the accessory of chromosomes found in a healthy representative species. For example, people have 46 chromosomes in 23 pairs. Karyotypes can vary radically between species and sometimes inside the species and scientists constantly reveal more information about them. By improving microscopy and scientific imaging, it is possible to generate very detailed, high quality karyotypes for study.
To generate chromosomes, the sample is taken, stained and photographed, usually during cell division when chromosomes are highly visible. The geneticist organizes chromosomes, corresponds to couples and organizes them in rows to clearly visualize. Depending on the type of dyeing and display used, different levels of detail are visible. Karyotype can be made of an adult living organism, child or cells taken from the developing fetus for diagnostic testing.
When a geneticist sums up a karyotype, he evaluates the image to seek abnormalities. The shape, size and number of chromosomes may vary and these variations can provide guides for a health problem. For example, if the human karyotype reveals that the patient has three copies of 21. Chromosome, instead of two, is diagnosed with trisomy 21, also known as Down syndrome. Scientists can also compare chromosomal banding in the patient to seek abnormalities and variations.
Some organisms show a genetic mosaic in which genetic material changes from the cell to the cell. For this reason, when a karyotype is prepared, a geneticist can use samples from several cells to determine whether the genetic variation is consistent throughout the body. Therefore, a geneticist can alot about further testing on specific chromosomes and look for a genetic material of interest or concerns, such as genes that cause inherited diseases.
karyotypes can be ordered from differentthe reasons. When people visit a genetic advisor to obtain information about genetic conditions, the advisor can get a karyotype in the patient's evaluation. Karyotypes are also used by scientists who are interested in different genetic conditions and changes between species. Many people have seen a karyotype, although they may not have known about it, because the karyotypes are often used to illustrate genetic textbooks and articles on genetic conditions.