What is molecular genetics?
Molecular genetics is a sub-discipline of genetics, a field in biological sciences. Genes are units of inheritance, instructions for inherited features such as hair color, blood type and predisposition to some diseases. Molecular genetics concerns the physical and chemical properties of these genes.
organisms depend on the growth and function of cells. Each cell is basically like a machine, according to the instructions of its genes to be able to run effectively. The molecule that forms genes is called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which is stored inside the cells of organisms.
DNA is a long molecule that is firmly curved into structures called chromosomes. These chromosomes require strong magnification to be seen. Looking at the unraveling DNA molecule, it resembles a twisted ladder with two interwoven springs called double helix. The DNA double helix structure is a huge part of molecular genetics.
The field also deals with the structure and functions of the ribonucle (RNA), the molecule necessary pRO running cells. Structurally, RNA is quite similar to DNA, but they have different functions. Information in the DNA cell is copied to the RNA molecule, after which a protein is formed for a specific task. For example, in the human body, a protein called hemoglobin red blood cells transmitted to the body systems allows. The action of a gene -producing gene is called gene expression.
gene mutations are DNA changes that occur at a chemical level and are also interesting in the field of molecular genetics. In particular, cancer genetics is an area studied by molecular geneticists who conduct research to better understand - and perhaps even prevent or cure - disease. Gene therapy also requires molecular genetics. This type of therapy includes giving people new genes and a weiring area for the treatment of certain diseases. Genetic engineering and cloning will also reach the heading of molecular genetics.
molesUlary geneticists often work in a laboratory environment, although they can also perform roles that are based on research or teaching. Depending on the country in which they complete their education, molecular genetics usually have a bachelor's degree in genetics and often advanced levels such as PhD. Some are also doctors who specialize in genetics. In addition to specialists, they may encounter a wide range of experts in science, health and education in this area of genetics.