What are the different types of tropical diseases?
tropical diseases - diseases occurring in tropical and subtropical areas - hundreds of millions of people infect every year. These diseases are usually transmitted by bite of mosquitoes or other insects. Without winter, which limits the insect population, the level of infection remains constant throughout the year. The number of total infections is on the rise due to an increased number of people moving in and out of tropical areas. If the infection occurs despite preventive measures, many tropical diseases are treatable.
The common and probably the most famous tropical disease is malaria. Malaria is caused by microorganism, which enters the bloodstream through a mosquito bite. Malaria, which is responsible for up to 3 million deaths per year, causes high fever, vomiting, fatigue and spleen enlargement. Children with this disease are more often than adults to suffer from permanent brain damage. There are a number of anti -maralial drugs to prevent illness.
dengue fever as well as malaria falls Don the category of tropical diseases closed through mosquitoes. Unlike malaria, however, the dengue fever is a viral infection. In addition to the rash, there are symptoms of headaches, vomiting and extreme physical pain. There is no vaccine or preventive treatment of dengue fever. Eradication of mosquitoes in tropical countries had some success in limiting the number of cases.
Of all tropical diseases, the ebola virus has the highest mortality-70-90% depending on the specific strain. The virus is present only in Central Africa and is distributed by contact with the body fluids of the infected person. Sporadic outbreaks have killed thousands of people since the middle of the 70s. Symptoms are diverse, but in fatal cases more organs always lead to failure. Although recent research has shown a promise, there is no approved vaccine.
Two diseases that are not tropical nature, but in the tropics occur in high numbers areleprosy and tuberculosis. These diseases are bacterial and both spread through the air when the infected person coughs. Of these two, tuberculosis is more contagious and kills faster. Several new vaccines develop to prevent tuberculosis. There is no vaccine for leprosy.
Treatment of tropical diseases depends on the disease. Malaria, leprosy and tuberculosis have approved treatment methods. The mortality rate increases the longer the patient is waiting for treatment. Because there is no treatment of ebola or dengue fever, the aim of the doctor is to keep the patients stable until the disease runs. However, due to the high mortality of both diseases, this effort saves very few lives.