What is acute dystonia?
acute dystonia, also known as acute dystonic reaction, is a condition that causes involuntarily muscle spasms and bent or twisted posture. In general, this is a side effect of antipsychotic drugs that are used in the treatment of several different psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and mania associated with bipolar disorder. It is believed that acute dystonia is caused by agents in medicines that block the release of dopamine in the brain.
Primary dystonia is a neurological disorder in which a person suffers from constant muscle convulsions. It is assumed that it is caused by defective signals from the brain to the muscles. Primary dystonia is genetic and has no medicine. The acute dystonic reaction is a temporary, treatable version of the failure and is caused by specific drug use.
The main symptoms of acute dystonia are sudden muscle spasms of the face, neck, back and limbs after taking antipsychotic drugs. It can also cause neck pain, jaw and tongue. In rarely, one may have difficulty with speakinghim, abnormal twitching of the eyes or problems with vision.
Antipsychotic drugs such as clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine and ziprasidone are handled by symptoms of psychotic disorders, but cannot cure them. Medicines work by blocking dopamine, neurotransmitter in the brain that sends signals to nerve cells. Dopamine blocking can reduce visual and hearing hallucinations and paranoia. Dopamine blocking agents may disrupt the ability of nerve cells to properly receive brain signals and can cause muscle cramps; However, there is no convincing evidence of why this happens. Acute dystonia tends to occur when the level of antipsychotic drugs in the bloodstream begins to decrease, rather than when it is at higher levels in the blood.
Antiemetic drugs such as metoclopramide, dropperidol and domperidone may also use acute dystonia. Medicines are generally used to treat Nemothe adherence of movement or nausea. Some varieties of drugs can use dopamine -blocking substances to reduce nausea; However, the condition tends to be more often associated with antipsychotic drugs.
acute dystonia can be treated with anticholinergic drugs. These drugs block acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter responsible for regulating the muscle system. It is generally taken for one to two days after the reaction. Antipsychotic drugs that contributed to the reaction can be interrupted or switched for lower efficiency.
men using antipsychotic drugs are considered more likely to have an acute dystonic reaction. The reaction is considered genetic, so those who have a family history will be more likely to experience it. The use of cocaine and liver dysfunction can also increase the likelihood of dystonia.