What is Genetic Research?

A gene ( genetic factor ) is all the nucleotide sequences needed to produce a polypeptide chain or functional RNA . Genes support the basic structure and performance of life. Stores all the information about life's race, blood type, inoculation, growth, apoptosis and other processes. The interdependence of environment and heredity plays an important role in the reproduction of life, cell division and protein synthesis. All life phenomena such as life, growth, decay, illness, old age, and death of organisms are related to genes. It is also an intrinsic factor that determines the health of life. Therefore, genes have dual attributes: materiality (the way of being) and informationality (the fundamental attribute).

Structural gene

Coding in genes

Genes have two characteristics. One is that they can faithfully replicate themselves to maintain the basic characteristics of the organism. The other is that genes can "mutate" and mutate in their offspring. The genome can have deleterious defects or mutations. The vast majority of diseases occur, and some will be inherited under certain circumstances. Also called genetic disease. Under normal conditions, life mutates on a genetic basis. These mutations are normal mutations.

With specific genetic information

From

Everything in creatures

Overview

The role of genes is inseparable from internal and external environmental influences. In a group of individuals with a specific gene, the percentage of individuals who express the gene trait is called

The gene expression process is to transfer the genetic information on DNA to mRNA, and then to translate it to protein. During translation, tRNAs are responsible for binding to specific amino acids and transporting them to the ribosome, where these amino acids are connected to each other to form a protein. This process is mediated by tRNA synthetase, and when problems occur, the wrong protein is produced, which has catastrophic consequences. Fortunately, tRNA molecules and amino acids match very accurately, but so far people don't know enough about this mechanism. ^[3]

According to the basic principles of genetics, if certain genes can help parents survive and reproduce, they will pass these genes on to their offspring. But some research shows that the real situation is much more complicated: genes can be turned off or silenced to cope with environmental or other factors, and these changes can sometimes be passed from one generation to the next ^[5]

When the harmful substances in the environment enter the fertilized egg or the mother, when the parents have a certain common blood line or a certain number of genetic relationships, in these cases, the genes in the genome of the offspring will be defective and cause diseases. By analyzing the human genome using technologies such as gene chips, regions of the genetically defective genes that cause disease can be identified. cancer,

Gene therapy is the use of gene cloning, transgene and other technologies to replicate and create organs that match itself. Through symptomatic analysis, genetic analysis technology, synthetic gene technology, etc., we can produce matching and healthy organs.

Mechanisms that control gene expression in vivo. The main process of gene expression is gene transcription and

DNA molecules are similar to "computer disks" and have the functions of saving, copying, and rewriting information. The DNA molecules in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the human cell nucleus are connected and straightened, and the length is about 0.7 meters, but if it is folded, it can be reduced to a ball with a diameter of only a few microns. Therefore, DNA molecules are regarded as ultra-high-density, large-capacity molecular memories.

The gene chip has been improved to use different biological states to express different numbers and can also be used for manufacturing

Because human genes are unique (except for identical twins), currently

Genetic testing is the technique of detecting DNA from blood, other body fluids, or cells. Genetic testing can diagnose diseases and also be used to predict disease risk. Disease diagnosis is caused by genetic testing technology

Biological functions, such as as a protein

Genes are codons that compile amino acids, so the origin of a codon is the origin of a gene. Except for a few differences, the genetic codes of known organisms on Earth are very close;

The timing of female fertility is related to genes. Scientists have found that certain genetic mutations can make fertility longer and menopause later, which can lead to some women having a fertility rate that is 10% higher than that of ordinary people. Professor Mills and 250 other researchers conducted statistics and analysis on the fertility information of 330,000 men and women, and found that genes can affect a person's first sexual behavior, and also affect the age of first pregnancy and when menopause comes ^{[7 ]} .