What is histopathology?

histopathology is a study of patient tissue, such as tissue obtained by biopsy, a specialized doctor known as a pathologist. Tissue samples are studied under a microscope to see how the disease develops. The tissue sample passes through a special process, so it can be analyzed on the slide, unlike cytopathology, where the samples are examined without processing. Two processes are used. The first is a chemical fixation procedure in which tissue samples are immersed in a paraffin or wax bath within 12 to 16 hours. This allows the tissue to be sliced ​​into two to seven micrometers.

The second process used is a frozen cut. Tissue samples are frozen and sliced ​​as in the chemical fixation process. The frozen cut is faster, although these samples have less quality than chemical fixation samples. Usually frozening is used to determine the boundaries or edges of the tumor when performing surgery.

In both processes, tissue is often colored with pigments to help the pathologist identify the cell structure and determine any abnormalities. With improvement in recent technology, digital imaging is used to help check tissues from operations, biopsy and even dissection to help determine the cause of death. Histopathological tests can also help determine the cause of several health problems except cancer, including pregnancy problems, exploring tissue from placenta, or tissue reactions to certain medicines.

In the treatment of cancer, histopathological testing of tissue for biopsy or surgery is very important when planning the right course of treatment. The pathologist prepares a sample sent during surgery for Examine and advises the surgeon whether to proceed or not to inform the surgeon when the boundaries are clear. In biopsy, a pathologist will determine what kind of cells are concerned and their phase, which helps to decide which course of treatment is for identified cancer NThe best.

Histopathology specializing in have a long educational path. In addition to university studies in the chosen scientific discipline, the pathologist must also complete a four -year doctorate, after which after a residence of three to eight years. He is obliged to continue education during his career.