What Is Multi-Infarct Dementia?

Overview:

Multiple infarct dementia

Overview:

The disease affects cerebral blood supply due to cerebral arteriosclerosis, especially dementia syndrome caused by recurrent cerebrovascular accidents. The microemboli or ischemia of sclerotic plaques in the outer cerebral arteries (carotid arteries or cone-basal arteries) are caused by scattered small infarcts in the white matter center of the brain, which is called multiple infarct dementia. The disease is more common in middle-aged and older people, with slightly more men than women. The course of the disease usually develops in a stepwise manner, often accompanied by local nervous system signs. The root cause of this disease is caused by organic changes in brain tissue caused by cerebral arteriosclerosis. The degree of cerebral arteriosclerosis can vary from site to site.

Symptoms:

Most patients have a history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia, and some may have unexpected cerebrovascular attacks. Early patients reported headaches, dizziness, insomnia or drowsiness, fatigue, and reduced mental concentration. At the same time, the patient's original personality characteristics became more prominent, prone to agitation or neurosensitivity, and recent memory impairment gradually appeared. Long-term memory was relatively Intact, intelligence damage sometimes only involves certain specific and limited cognitive functions, such as computational and naming difficulties. However, general reasoning and judgment can remain intact for quite a period of time, and often they can detect these obstacles themselves and seek medical treatment or make efforts to make up for them, so they are called "mesh-like dementia". The patient's emotional instability and irritability increase, which can cause crying or laughing due to insignificant temptation, which is called emotional incontinence. Occasionally depression, anxiety, suspicion, and delusion can occur. The late self-control ability is lost, and it is impossible to take care of personal life, sometimes it is difficult to distinguish it from Alzheimer's disease.

Acute onset patients often appear after the onset of cerebrovascular accidents, and they can appear in a state of confusion, accompanied by behavioral disorders and hallucinations, and personality and mental retardation after the onset. There are different signs of the nervous system depending on the location of the vascular infarction, such as hemiplegia, nystagmus, misidentification, apraxia, ataxia, and positive pyramidal signs.

The course of the disease is characterized by a so-called staircase process where alternating jumps and incomplete remissions alternate. It can take several years or even more than ten years. The cause of death is heart and kidney failure.

Diagnose based on:

Electroencephalograms are often markedly abnormal; Cerebrospinal fluid examination may have a slight increase in protein; Cerebral blood flow and examination have decreased vascular elasticity, increased resistance, and decreased blood flow; CT scans show low-density areas and localized enlargement of the ventricles; magnetic Resonance imaging can show lacunar infarcts.

treatment:

Patients with hypertension and arteriosclerosis should be treated symptomatically. Authors with acute ischemia can inject salvia, Chuanqiong and other injections. Subjects who meet the indications can be treated surgically. To improve cognitive function, brain rehabilitation, brain rehabilitation and ribonucleic acid can be taken. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy and ultraviolet light oxygenated blood return therapy can make some early patients get some effect. When the mental symptoms are more obvious, a small amount of antipsychotic drugs such as methadazine can be used in combination. Once the symptoms are controlled, the drug can be discontinued.