What Is the Difference Between Hunger and Starvation?
Generally refers to the feeling of hunger that appears on the body, and people will want to eat at this time.
hunger
(Medical term)
- The metabolic characteristics of hunger during the regulation of hormones such as decreased insulin and increased glucagon are as follows: muscle breakdown is strengthened, and most of the released amino acids are converted into alanine and glutamine. The gluconeogenesis is strengthened. Alanine is regulated by glucagon in the liver and significantly accelerates gluconeogenesis. The glutamine formed by the muscle is taken up by the intestinal mucosa, converted into alanine, and entered the liver through the portal vein, which is another source of gluconeogenesis. It can be seen that gluconeogenesis occurs mainly in the liver during starvation (approximately 80% of gluconeogenesis and the remaining 20% in the renal cortex). Accelerated lipolysis, glycerol and
- The hunger process continues and enters a long-term hunger state. In addition to the above-mentioned characteristics of biochemical metabolism, the human body also produces the following changes:
- Human performance with chronic hunger
- Nutritional hunger refers to the state in which the body fails to obtain or adequately obtain the oxygen, heat energy or nutrients required for its own nutrition. Generally speaking, hunger mainly refers to insufficient heat energy. The adequacy of heat energy is the basic sign of "hunger" and "satisfaction". Broad hunger also includes oxygen hunger and water hunger. Protein hunger, calcium hunger, and vitamin hunger are synonymous in scientific terms with protein nutritional deficiency or deficiency, calcium nutritional deficiency or deficiency, and vitamin nutritional deficiency or deficiency. Chronic incomplete hunger can cause varying levels of low levels of nutrition and general and specific nutritional deficiencies. There are various causes of hunger, such as natural disasters, poverty, captivity, imprisonment, hunger strike, specific religious activities, restricted or impaired eating or physiological functions, and so on. More noteworthy is that due to economic conditions, cultural and scientific literacy, religious and customary ideas, and special physiological or pathological reasons, nutritional imbalances caused by inadequate or partial eating, and unusual foods, these people are in a state of semi-hunger for certain nutrients This is not uncommon in the vast poor and backward regions and strata. Human hunger status: short-term hunger and long-term hunger in terms of duration and development process; full hunger and incomplete (semi) hunger in terms of severity; from the nature of content, hunger and comprehensiveness of certain nutrients Malnutrition and sexual hunger.
- Some observations show that the human body is most sensitive to oxygen starvation and can only tolerate a few minutes; it is also more sensitive to water starvation and can not tolerate days; as long as there is sufficient oxygen and water supply, it can still be used under the condition of complete food starvation Survive for about 50 days. Short-term hunger or the early stages of hunger, such as not eating for 1 to 3 days, the human body first produces a strong sense of hunger, and the heart socket shows a faint discomfort and desire to eat, which is mainly stimulated by periodic peristaltic contraction after gastrointestinal emptying It is caused by stimuli such as changes in body fluid composition, but those who suffer from chronic hunger and excessive fatigue can feel their hunger markedly reduced. Because liver glycogen is significantly reduced, blood sugar is reduced, insulin secretion is reduced, and secretion of glucagon is increased, which strengthens catabolism and promotes gluconeogenesis to ensure the supply of glucose, which is first and foremost the needs of the brain. Throughout the entire hunger process, the human body's physiological protective effect is very prominent, that is, to strengthen the breakdown of muscles and other minor parts, to ensure the nutritional requirements of the brain and central nervous system and important organs such as the heart.