What is zoonosis?
Throughout history, people lived closely with animals. Sometimes the contact was as impersonal as sharing the same geographical area. However, we often share our homes, food and families with animals. Logically, we would also share our diseases. Any disease that is shared in this way is called zoonosis.
Many human parasitic diseases spread through contact with animal feces. Parasitic zoonosis of digestive pupils can appear by playing with a family pet and then eating without proper washing hands. Virgin worms are found in animals and benefit in sandy areas. These parasites are distributed from feces through contact with the skin and can be infected simply by cleaning the garbage box.
In addition, insects that feed on both animals and humans are often vectors of zoonoses. The most remarkably are fleas that fed for rats, and to humans, to a large extent considered to be the source of the most historical outbreaks of bubonic plague. In the 13th century, such a plague, dubbed black death, PROšla mostly Europe. It is estimated that half of the population died of this focus. Today, when there are small focalities of the Bubonic plague, they are still generally monitored to rats and fleas transmitting plague.
Much more direct examples of zoonosis occur in food diseases. In these cases, people become ill when meat is ingested from sick animals. It is assumed that a crazy cow disease is transmissible to humans by ingestion of tunne meat. This disease may occur in humans as a variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob's disease. Although this disease is rare, it is incurable and almost always fatal.
Other examples of zoonos are ingested by Salmonella and Escherichia coli (e. coli) infections. These bacteria may be present in cows and chickens that seem completely healthy, and during defeat, several animals can become a cross contamination one individual. If the chicken and hThe meat that infects these bacteria is not cooked at sufficiently high temperatures, alive bacteria can be transferred to humans, resulting in disease. When handling raw meat, attention should be paid to and after use should be properly disinfected surfaces and cooking tools. The meat should always be thoroughly cooked.
humans can also spread diseases into animals through reverse zoonosis. For example, influenza virus can be spread from people to many domesticated animals. This can be particularly dangerous in areas where animals are closely collected and the virus is likely to expand.
among the elephants in captivity is a particularly worrying reverse zoonosis of tuberculosis. It seems that members of the Pachyderm family are particularly susceptible to the closure of the disease. Tuberculosis in elephants is unusually virulent, proceeds faster and causes greater damage than typical in humans. The presentation of the disease led some scientists to explore the disease as a possible contributing cause inExtinction of mastodone.