What Is Light Industry?

Light industry, as opposed to heavy industry, also crosses each other, mainly referring to the industrial sector that produces the means of living. Light industry is closely related to daily life, such as food, textile, paper, printing, daily necessities, office supplies, cultural supplies, sports goods and other industrial sectors. Light industry is the main source of consumer goods for urban and rural residents. According to the raw materials used, it can be divided into two categories: light industry using agricultural products as raw materials and light industry using non-agricultural products as raw materials.

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Light industry mainly refers to the industrial sector that provides consumer goods, including:

It uses agricultural products as raw materials. Such as cotton, wool, linen, silk textile and sewing, leather and its products, pulp and paper, food processing and other industries;

Using non-agricultural products as raw materials. Such as daily metal, daily chemical industry, daily glass, daily ceramics, chemical fiber and fabrics, matches, wood products for daily use, and plastic products. Most of the light industrial products are consumer products, and some are used as raw materials and semi-finished products for production, such as chemical fiber, industrial cloth, paper, salt, etc.

Supplement: Heavy industry refers to those engaged in the extraction of natural resources, processing and reprocessing of extractives and agricultural products

Light industry is an industry that produces consumer goods.

Prior to 1984, industries in rural villages and below were classified as agriculture, and after 1984 they were classified as industries.

State-owned and

Light industry : refers to the provision of consumer goods and production

It is the total amount of sold or available-for-sale industrial products produced by industrial enterprises in terms of currency in a certain period of time. It reflects the total scale and level of industrial production in a certain period of time. It includes: no more processing in this enterprise, inspection, packaging and storage (except for products that do not require packaging)

The division of the total output value of light and heavy industries is also calculated according to the "factory method", that is, the nature of the main products produced by an industrial enterprise under normal circumstances belongs to the light industry, and the nature of the main products produced belongs to the heavy industry. The total output value of the enterprise is regarded as the heavy industry Gross output value.

Light industry added value

Refers to the final results of industrial production activities expressed in currency during the reporting period.

Paid-in capital of light industry

It refers to the capital actually received by the investor from the investor. According to the investment subject, it can be divided into state capital, collective capital, corporate capital, personal capital, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan capital and foreign capital.

Total Light Industry Assets

It refers to economic resources that are owned or controlled by an enterprise and can be measured in monetary terms. Includes various property, claims, and other rights. Assets are classified into current assets, long-term investments, fixed assets, intangible and deferred assets and other assets based on their liquidity.

(1) Current assets refer to the total assets that an enterprise can realize or consume within one year or a production cycle that exceeds one year. Including cash and various deposits, short-term investments, receivables and prepayments, inventory, etc.

(2) Fixed assets refer to the total amount of funds occupied by the company's net fixed assets, fixed assets clean-up, construction in progress, and pending fixed asset losses.

(3) Intangible assets refer to assets that have been used by an enterprise for a long time without physical form. Including patent rights, non-patented technologies, trademark rights, copyrights, land use rights, and goodwill.

Total Light Industry Liabilities

Refers to the debts borne by enterprises that can be measured in currency and will be repaid by assets or services. Liabilities are generally divided into current liabilities, long-term liabilities, deferred tax, etc., based on the length of the repayment period.

(1) Current liabilities refer to the total debts that an enterprise needs to repay within one year or a business cycle that exceeds one year, including short-term loans, payables and advance receipts, payable payables, taxes payable and profits payable.

(2) Long-term debt refers to the total debts that an enterprise needs to repay for more than one year or more than one business cycle, including long-term loans, debts payable, and long-term payables.

Light Industry Rights

Refers to the ownership of the company's net assets by the investor. The net assets of the enterprise are equal to the balance of all the assets of the enterprise minus all the liabilities, including the investor's initial investment in the enterprise, as well as the capital reserve, surplus reserve and undistributed profits. Shareholding enterprises are shareholder equity.

Light Industry Solid Product Original Price

Refers to the total amount of money spent by an enterprise when constructing, purchasing, installing, rebuilding, expanding, or technologically modifying a fixed asset. It generally includes the purchase price, packaging costs, transportation and miscellaneous charges, and installation costs.

Net value of light industry solid production

It refers to the net amount of the original price of fixed assets minus the depreciation amount that has been provided over the years.

Light industry current assets

It refers to assets that can be realised or consumed in a business cycle of one year or more, including cash and various deposits, short-term investments, receivables and prepayments, inventory, etc.

Light Industry Sales Revenue

Refers to the total amount of business obtained by a company's main business operations, such as selling products and providing labor services.

Cost of light industry sales

Refers to the actual cost of a company's main business operations, such as selling products and providing services.

Light Industry Assets and Liabilities

This indicator reflects both the magnitude of an enterprise's operating risks and its ability to use funds provided by creditors to engage in operating activities. The calculation formula is:

Asset-liability ratio (%) = total liabilities / total assets × 100%

Light industry expense profit

It refers to the ratio of profits to costs realized in a certain period of time. It is an indicator of economic benefits that reflects industrial production costs and cost inputs, and it is also an indicator of economic benefits that reduce costs. The calculation formula is:

Industrial cost expense profit rate (%) = total profit / total cost expense × 100%

Light Industry Value Added Rate

Refers to the proportion of industrial added value to the total industrial output value in the same period in a certain period, which reflects the economic benefits of reducing intermediate consumption. The calculation formula is:

Industrial value added rate (%) = industrial added value (current price) / total industrial output value (current price) × 100%

Light industry asset turnover

Refers to the number of turnovers of current assets completed within a certain period, reflecting the turnover rate of current assets. The calculation formula is:

Working capital turnover times = product sales revenue / average balance of all current assets

Light industry tax surcharge

Refers to urban maintenance and construction tax, consumption tax, resource tax, and education surcharges that enterprises should pay for their main business operations, such as selling products and providing industrial services.

Light Industry Sales Profit

Refers to the profit after deducting costs, expenses and taxes from the main business income of an enterprise selling products and providing industrial labor services.

Total Light Industry Profit

Refers to the profits realized by the enterprise.

Light industry pays VAT

Refers to the amount of VAT payable by enterprises during the reporting period.

Light Industry Asset Contribution

Reflecting the profitability of all assets of an enterprise is a concentrated reflection of the company's operating performance and management level. It is a core indicator for evaluating and assessing the profitability of an enterprise. The calculation formula is:

Total Asset Contribution Rate (%) = (Total Profit + Total Taxes + Interest Expenses) / Average Total Assets × 100%

Light Industry Sales Rate

Refers to the ratio of the industrial sales output value to the total industrial output value of the same period in the reporting period. It is an indicator that reflects the degree to which industrial products have been sold, analyzes the connection between industrial production and sales, and studies the degree to which industrial products meet social needs. The calculation formula is:

Product sales rate (%) = industrial sales output value / total industrial output value (current price) × 100%

Light Industry Productivity

Refers to the average production volume of each employee in a unit of time calculated according to the value of the product. It is an important indicator for assessing the economic activity of an enterprise, and it is a comprehensive performance of the enterprise's production technology level, business management level, employee technical proficiency and labor enthusiasm. At present, China's total labor productivity is calculated by dividing the industrial added value of industrial enterprises by the average number of all employees in the same period. The calculation formula is:

Total labor productivity = industrial added value / average number of all employees

In order to make the total labor productivity figures comparable for each year, the total labor productivity for each year before 1990 is converted into an 1990 constant price by an index.

Heavy industry refers to an industrial system based on the energy and raw materials industry, with high-end durable consumer goods, equipment manufacturing, electronics and electrical machinery industries, and the chemical industry as the main body. Light industry: refers to the industry that mainly provides consumer goods and hand-made tools.According to the different raw materials used, it can be divided into two categories: (1) Light industry using agricultural products as raw materials, which refers to agricultural products as basic raw materials, directly or indirectly. Light industry. (2) Light industry using non-agricultural products as raw materials refers to light industries using industrial products as raw materials.

In the past industrial economics, industries were often divided into light and heavy industries based on the relative weight of the unit volume of the product. The industrial sector with a large unit weight of product is heavy industry, and the lighter one is light industry. The industrial sectors that belong to the heavy industry are the iron and steel industry, non-ferrous metallurgy industry, metal materials industry and machinery industry. Because the chemical industry has a very prominent position in the development of modern industry, the chemical industry is often separated from the industrial structure in the industrial classification, and is tied with light and heavy industries. In this way, the industrial structure is composed of three major parts: light industry, heavy industry and chemical industry. It is often said that the heavy industry and the chemical industry are grouped together, collectively called the heavy chemical industry, as opposed to the light industry.

Another criterion for dividing light and heavy industries is to refer to the sector that provides the means of production as heavy industry and the sector that produces the means of consumption as light industry. There are differences between the above two divisions.

The National Bureau of Statistics' classification of light and heavy industries is close to the latter standard. The definition of heavy industry in the China Statistical Yearbook is: an industry that provides the main means of production for the material and technical basis of various sectors of the national economy; And industry making hand tools. In research, as mentioned above, heavy industry and chemical industry are often collectively referred to as heavy chemical industry.