What are nonnnualkleoside reverse transcriptases inhibitors?

Inhibitors of non -nucleoside reverse transcriptases (NNRTIs) are a group of antivirus drugs. They focus on the enzyme that the human immunodefience virus (HIV) uses to replicate within the host cells. Although drugs are not the treatment of HIV infection, it acts as part of the treatment regimen that can help control the progress of the disease.

Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that several viral pathogens use to replicate among hosts. NNRTi drugs inhibit the enzyme and prevent it from work. The non -nucleoside part of the name refers to a special way for this drug group to act on the enzyme. Although different viruses use enzyme reverse transcriptases, doctors generally use only nonnnualkleoside reverse transcriptases for HIV drugs.

The HIV viral particle is small and does not contain any genetic material or structural machines to replicate. However, it has specific genes that code products that can be used to kidnap the existence of the host cell cell. Reverse Transcriptase is one of thoseHTO viral products. HIV uses ribonucleic acid (RNA). This is a problem for the virus because it has to work with a cellular machine that is controlled via DNA to create new RNA viruses. The enzyme of back transcriptases acts as a go-bet-mezi. Reads the RNA virus and creates a version of DNA for reading cells. The cell then recognizes DNA instructions and produces the viral particles of RNA.

Scientists have identified this enzyme as a basic step in HIV replication and therefore a goal for potential drugs. The enzyme is essentially a molecule that has a specific structure that recognizes and binds to other biological molecules. The place where the molecules bind is called an active place.

Some medicines bind directly to the active place of the enzyme and block the enzyme in interacting with its target molecules, as the goals cannot fit into an active place. Inhibitors of non -nucleoside reverse transcriptases in factThey bind to another part of the enzyme, but still block the molecules with which the enzyme should interact. This theoretically slows down the process of replication of HIV particles.

There are problems in HIV treatment where the virus can mutate. RNA mutates relatively easily, because the mechanisms of copying from one RNA particle to another are not always accurate. When the HIV virus mutates during replication, the enzyme of reverse transcriptases may be slightly different, and thus be less recognizable for non -nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. This can be harmful to drug success.

Due to this mechanism of HIV resistance patients usually receive inhibitors of non -skilled reverse transcriptases as part of the treatment regimen together with other forms of antiviral drugs. Nnrtis forms a group of drugs on the basis of their enzyme action, but may have different structures. Nnrtis examples include nevirapin, rilpivirin and efavirenz.