What Are the Different Cyanide Antidotes?
Cyanide antidote (III)-Co2EDTA and Vitamin B12a
Cyanide antidote
Right!
- Chinese name
- Cyanide antidote
- Foreign name
- Dicobalt edetate
- 1
- Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- Instructions:
- 300mg by intravenous injection in glucose solution
- Cyanide antidote (III)-Co2EDTA and Vitamin B12a
- Cobalt edetate; Dicobalt edetate; Co-EDTA; Hydroxocobalamin; Vitamin B12a Cobalt edetate (Dicobalt edetate, Co2EDTA, Co-EDTA)
- Detoxification mechanism:
- The affinity of cobalt and cyanide ion is greater than that of cytochrome oxidase and cyanide ion, which can restore the activity of inhibited cytochrome oxidase. Co2EDTA combines with cyanide ions to form a stable cyanocobaltate and is excreted from the body.
- Instructions:
- 300mg is added to the glucose solution by intravenous injection. If the symptoms persist, 300mg can be given again.
- Adverse reactions:
- The adverse reactions were large, including vomiting, urticaria, anaphylactic shock, hypotension, and ventricular arrhythmia.
- Because the liquid contains a small amount of free cobalt ions, if there is no CN-, cobalt poisoning can occur. Adverse reactions caused by excessive dosage can be treated with calcium edetate.
- (Hydroxocobalamin, Vitamin B12a)
- Detoxification mechanism:
- Vitamin B12a can be excreted from the kidney with CN- to form cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12), which restores the activity of cytochrome oxidase. The advantage of this medicine is that it does not interfere with tissue oxygenation.
- Instructions:
- 40% 10ml (4g) slowly intravenously (20 minutes).
- Adverse reactions:
- Have an allergic reaction.
- Its efficacy is still controversial; and its solution is relatively dilute and the dosage is large. If the dosage is 50mg / kg, a 50kg adult needs to input 2500ml of liquid, so it is not popularized.
- Methylene blue (US blue) is not used as an antidote. The low concentration of Methylene Blue can transform the degenerated hemoglobin into hemoglobin in the body, increase the release of cyanide ions and worsen the disease; at high concentrations, it is a methemoglobin forming agent. The dose is not easy to grasp during rescue.